习题要求
为配合教师教学和学生自主学习，我们以考试试卷的形式配备了大量的课后练习题， 以帮助学生复习、归纳所学内容，从而帮助学生记忆各种信息，巩固和提高文化和语言知识。每套试卷分为: I填空题(Fill the Blanks)，II多项选择题(II. Tick the
correct answer in each of the following)及III问答题(Questions for Thought)三个部分。
I. Fill the Blanks: 该部分重点考察每章的重点内容, 以填空题的形式出现以使学生掌握更加详尽的关于英美文化的背景知识。
II. Tick
the correct answer in each of the following： 该部分重点考察学生对多种信息的的灵活掌握情况，以提高学生对所学内容的综合掌握程度。
III．Questions
for Thought：该部分可供学生进行课上和课外的口语练习之用或者用英语开展跨文化比较讨论时使用。
所有试题均能够在课本上找到答案，希望学生在学习时能够从分利用这些试题，以能更好的学习英美文化与语言知识。
I. Fill in the blanks:
1. Britain consists of
_____ nations, including England,_____, _______ and ______.
2. Britain is a country
with a history of invasions. In 43 AD Britain was invaded by_______, in
the late 8th
century they experienced _______
raids from Scandinavia and in the 11th century they
suffered invasions from _______
3. The Anglo-Saxons
began to settle in Britain in ________ century.
4. The capital of
Britain is ______ which has great influence on the UK in all fields
including_______,
_______ and _______
5. Charles the First, king of Britain, was executed, because he attempted to _____ in the English Revolution.
6. Name
two Scottish cities which have ancient and internationally respected universities:_______
and______.
7. The
battle of Bannockburn led by Robert the Bruce succeeded in winning the full
independence
of _______
8. Both
the Scottish and Welsh people elect their members of parliaments to the London Parliament
and each holds_______ and. _______ seats respectively.
9. The capital of
Scotland is ______, which is well-known for its natural
10.
Although Wales is the smallest of the three nations on the_____ mainland, it's
good at getting _______from abroad,
particularly Japan and _____.
II.
Tick the correct answer in each of the following:
1. Three of the following
are characteristics of London. Which of the four is the exception?
A. London is a
political, economic and cultural centre of the country.
B. London has a
larger population than all other cities in England.
C. London is
not only the largest city in Britain, but also the largest in the world.
D. London has
played a significant role in the economic construction of the country.
2. The Tower of London, a
historical sight, located in the centre of London, was built by
A. King
Harold B. Robin Hood C. Oliver Cromwell D. William the Conqueror
3. Who were the ancestors of the English and the
founders of England?
A. the
Anglo-Saxons B. the Romans C. the Vikings D. the Romans
4. Which is the largest
city in Scotland?
A. Cardiff B. Edinburgh C. Glasgow D. Manchester
5. Why did
the Scottish Kings decide to form an independent singular Scottish state in the
ninth
century?
A. They needed
a unified independent nation to fight against Viking raids.
B. They felt it
necessary to develop their own industry.
C. They were
threatened by the Anglo-Saxons' invasion.
D. They had to
do it in order to resist the English.
6. Where do the majority of
people in Scotland live?
A. in the
Highlands
B. in the Lowlands
C. in the
Uplands D. in the west of
Scotland
7. Which of the following
statements is NOT true?
A. Wales was
invaded by the Romans.
B. Wales was
occupied by the Anglo-Saxons.
C. Wales was
conquered by the Normans.
D. Wales was
threatened by the English.
8. Which of the following
parties-in Scotland still wants an independent Scotland?
A.
the Labor Party
B. the Liberal Party
C. the
Scottish Nationalist Party D. the Conservative Party
9. When
did Scotland join the Union by agreement of the English and Scottish
parliaments?
A. in
1715 B. in
1688 C. in
1745
D. in 1707
10.
Llywelgn ap Gruffudd is more than a simple historical figure for the Welsh. He
is almost considered the legendary hero of Welsh nationalism because
A. he became
the first Prince of Wales in 1267.
B. he
brought the English under his control.
C. he led a
historic uprising against the English.
D. he
unified Wales as an independent nation.
1.
"British history has been a history of invasion". Please illustrate
this point with: the examples from the text. How did each of the invasions
influence English culture ?
2. What
are some general characteristics of Scotland ? How did Scotland become part of
the union of Great Britain ?
3. Describe characteristics
of Wales and Wales' unification with Great Britain.
4. Are there any
differences between England, Scotland and Wales in terms of cultural tradition?
I.
Fill in the blanks:
1. The Home Rule Bill was finally passed
in ______, but the process was overtaken by and was ______ suspended for the
duration of the war.
2. To pursue Irish independence, the most
spectacular event in the Irish history was
______of 1916, in which the
rebels occupied Dublin's ______ and forced the British to take
it back by______
3. As Protestants were the majority of the
province, they controlled the local ______and used that power ______to support
their economic and social ______ in the area. Therefore Catholics in Northern
Ireland began______ movement in the 1960s, campaigning for ______
4. The ______ IRA believed that they had
made enough progress so that they could
concentrate
on ______, and run candidates for ______.
5. The ______ IRA separated from the
officials, because they felt that ______ was the only way to get the British
out.
6. Threatened by the IRA in the early
1970s, the Protestants formed their own illegal______
groups and took revenge
on______.
7.
In 1971 the
Northern Irish government took the action to imprison terrorist suspects from
both sides
without______ , a policy known as ______.
8. In
the 1980s convicted IRA prisoners started a campaign for the status of
being
______by starving themselves. The British government didn't ______to
this demand for political status and ______ prisoners starved to death.
9. 1972 was the worst year of the troubles
which included 13 Catholics who had been taking part in a peaceful ______. They
were shot dead by ______ . This day has now been mythologized as ______.
10. A series
of big bombs in London in the late 1980s and early 1990 increased ______
on the British government to come
up with ______.
11.
Sinn Fein, the legal ______ Party, supports the IRA's right to fight. Its
leaders spoke of a twin campaign for union with ______, both political and
military, which is known as the policy of ______.
12. In August 1994, the IRA declared ______
with the efforts made by John Hume, the leader
of _______,
and Gerry Adams, the leader of ______.
13. It's hard to make talks successful
between the British and Irish governments without the
participation
of ______ and ______.
14.
R.U.C. stands for ______.
II.
Tick the correct answer in each of the following:
1. In the seventeenth century, the English government encouraged people from Scotland and Northern England to emigrate to the north of Ireland, because
A. they wanted
to increase its control over Ireland.
B. they had
too many people and didn't have enough space for them to live in.
C. they
intended to expand their investment.
D. they
believed that Ireland was the best place for them.
2. In 1969,
the first British soldiers were seen on Northern Ireland Street. They came fast
A. to maintain
traffic order in Northern Ireland.
B. to protect
the Catholic people.
C. to protect the Protestant people.
D. to replace
the Royal Ulster Constabulary since they were unable to keep social order.
3.
Northern Ireland is the smallest of the four nations, but is quite well-known
in the world for
A. its most
famous landmark, the "Giant's Causeway".
B. its rich
cultural life.
C. its low
living standards.
D. its
endless political problems.
4.
Faced with conflicting demands the British government chose a compromise and
organized a partition of Ireland, because
A. the British
government wouldn't be able to control Ireland any longer by force.
B. the British government intended to
satisfy both sides ——— Catholics as well as Protestants.
C. Catholics
in Ireland demanded a partition of Ireland.
D. Protestants
welcomed the idea of partition.
5. Which of
the following statements is NOT true?
A. Sinn Fein
is the legal political Party in Northern Ireland.
B. Those who
want to unite Northern Ireland with Britain are called Unionists.
C. Social
Democratic and Labor Party is a very important political Party in Britain.
D. Those who
show their loyalty to the British Crown are called Loyalists.
6. In the
early 1970s, the IRA
A. killed
many Protestants and Catholics.
B. burned
down the houses of Catholics.
C. murdered
individuals at random.
D. carried out a series of bombing and
shooting and attacked the security forces as their main target.
7. 1972 was
the worst year of the political troubles in Northern Ireland, because
A. 13
Catholics were shot dead by the police.
B. 468 people were killed in Northern Ireland.
C. the government carried out a policy known as "internment".
D. Bloody killing of 468 people fortified Catholic opposition to the
British presence
in Northern
Ireland.
8. Why did the British government decide
to replace the Power-Sharing policy with "direct-rule" from London?
A. The Power-Sharing policy was not accepted by the majority of
Protestants.
B. The Northern Irish Parliament could not govern the province
effectively.
C. The Power-Sharing policy couldn't be carried out.
D. All the above.
9. Which of
the following statements is NOT true?
A. In
1981, some convicted IRA prisoners went on a hunger-strike.
B. They
demanded for the status of being "political prisoners" by starving
themselves.
C.
Margaret Thatcher's government gave in to their political demand.
D. The
death of prisoners revitalized the political movement of Sinn Fein.
10. How many
counties do you know there are in Northern Ireland?
A. 26
B. 6
C. 32
D. 20
1. Why
is Northern Ireland, according to the author, so significant in the United
Kingdom ? What is the political problem there ?
2. What
are some of the factors in Irish and English history that affect the situation
in Northern Ireland today ?
3.
Different parties and groups in the United Kingdom have different solutions to
the
political problem in Northern Ireland. Please sum up their
different attitudes.
4. Has the author offered a solution to the political
problem in Northern Ireland ?
I. Fill in the
blanks:
1. _______, the ancestor of the present
Queen, Elizabeth 11, united England under his rule
in 829.
2. The doctrine of the
"divine right of kings" held that _______, _________
3. During the civil war in
the 17th century, those who represented the interests of Parliament
are called _______ and those who supported the King
were called _______
4. In 1215, some feudal
barons and the Church forced King _______ to sign the _______ to
place some
limits on the King's power.
5. In medieval times, kings
would summon a group of wealthy barons and representatives of counties, towns
and cities--- called _______
to raise money.
6. In 1689, Parliament
passed _______ to ensure that
the King would never be able to ignore
Parliament.
7. In the 18th century,
King George I left the job of chairing cabinet meetings to one of his ministers
who later came to be called _______.
8. In Britain, the official
head of state is _______
while the real centre of political life is in ______
9. The British Constitution
consists of _______, _______,
and _______.
10. The most important function
of the Parliament is to _______._______,
11. Strictly speaking, the Parliament today consists of _______, _______
and _______.
12. The fund the Queen received to repair the fire damage to ______
caused a lot criticism from the public about the monarchy, and the Queen
later decided to open, _______
to summer tourists to raise money.
13. Life peers should be
nominated by _______ and
appointed by _______.
14. According to tradition, most
peerages can only be passed through the _______ lines.
II.
Choose the correct answer from each of the following:
1. Which of the following
is NOT characteristic of British government?
A. It offers the Queen high political status and supreme power.
B. It is both a
parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy.
C. It is the oldest
representative democracy in the world.
D. It has no written form
of Constitution.
2. Which of the
following king was executed in the civil war?
A. James I B. James II C. Charles I D. Charles
II
3. What happened in
1215?
A. It was the year of Norman Conquest in British history.
B. Forced by barons, King John signed
the Magna Cart&
C. Henry IV granted the Commons the
power to review money grants.
D. King Egbert united England under his
rule.
4. Which of the
following is NOT true about the Great Council?
A. They included barons and
representatives from counties and towns.
B. They were sometimes summoned by the
kings to contribute money.
C. They later developed into what we
now know as the Cabinet.
D. They represented the aristocrats as
well as the communities.
5. Under whose reign
was the Bill of Rights passed?
A. James II B. William of Orange C. Oliver
Cromwell D. George I
6. Which of the
following is NOT true about the Constitution?
A. It is a document which lists out the
basic principles for government.
B. It is the foundation of British
governance today.
C. Conventions and Laws passed by
Parliament are part of the Constitution.
D. The common laws are part of the
Constitution.
7. Which of the
following about the Parliament is NOT true?
A. There are no legal restraints upon
Parliament.
B. Strictly speaking, the Queen is part
of the Parliament.
C. Parliament has the supreme power of
passing laws.
D. Parliament has no power to change
the terms of the Constitution.
8. Which of the following about the Queen is NOT true?
A. The Queen selects the Prime Minister
and the Cabinet.
B. The Queen symbolizes the tradition
and unity of the British state.
C. The Queen acts as a confidante to
the Prime Minister.
D. The Queen is the temporal head of
the Church of England.
9. Which, of the
following about the House of Lords is NOT true?
A. Lords do not receive salaries and
many do not attend Parliament sittings.
B. It consists of the Lords
Spiritual and the Lords Temporal.
C. The lords are expected to
represent the interests of the public.
D. Most of the lords in the House
of Lords are males.
10. Which of the
following about the House of Commons is NOT true?
A. Members of
Parliament elect the Prime Minister and the Cabinet.
B. MPs receive salaries and some other allowances.
C. MPs are expected to represent the interests of the
public.
D. Most MPs belong to the major political parties.
Questions
for Thought
1.
What
are some of the characteristics of the British constitutional monarchy? How has
the English monarchy evolved gradually to the present constitutional monarchy?
2.
How did the doctrine of the "divine fight of kings", according to the
author, lead to the
English
Civil War? What do you know about the causes of the English Revolution in the
17th
century?
3. What is the history
of English parliament? What role did the parliament play in the Civil War?
4. Discuss the major
characteristics and the main content of the British constitution.
5. Why does the author
say that parliament is supreme in the British state? What functions does
parliament
have? What role does the Queen ( King ) and the Prime Minister play in British
government?
6. What kind of
institution is the House of Lords? What role does it play in British
government?
I.
Fill in the blanks:
1. The
UK is divided into _______
constituencies with each of them represented by a member in _________
2. The
party which wins the majority seats in parliament forms _______and its party leader becomes _________
3. Normally, a
government can be in power for _______ years, and then it has to resign and hold
a general election.
4. If a government
loses a _______ in the House
of Commons, it has to resign.
5. The electoral
register refers to _______.
6. The amount of time
given to each party in the "party electoral broadcasts" is
proportional to
the _______ which the party received at the
previous election.
7. In order to be fair,
the amount of money a candidate can spend in his is strictly limited.
8.
The media
conducts _______ to try to predict the result of the election.
9.
There are three
major parties in the UK: _______ _______ and _______.
10. _______ was established by the Labor government in 1948, providing
health care for all
the people.
11.
From 1979 to 1997, _______
won 4 consecutive elections and was in power for quite a long
time.
12. _______ is the leader of the Conservative
party while _______ is the leader of the
Labor party.
II.
Choose the correct answer from each of the following:
1. Which group of people
can NOT vote in the general election?
A. members in
the House of Commons B. Lords in the House of Lords
C. the UK
citizens aboyee the age of 18 D. the UK resident citizens of the Irish Republic
2. By whom is a "vote of no
confidence" decided?
A. the House of
Commons
B. the House of Lords
C. the two major
parties
D. the Prime Minister
3. Which of the following is NOT
true about the electoral campaigns?
A. Big parties can
buy time to broadcast their policies on the television.
B. There is a limit
on the amount of money candidates can spend in their constituency
campaign.
C. Candidates and
their supporters go door-to-door persuading voters to vote for them.
D. Candidates criticize
each other's policies to show how good their own policies are.
4. How many seats in the House of
Commons should a party hold at least in order to win the election?
A. 651 B. 326 C. 626
D. 351
5. Which of the following party
adopts a "fatherly" sense of obligation to the poorer people
in the
society?
A. the Conservative
party
B. the Liberal Democrats
C. the Party of
Wales
D. the Labour party
6. Which of the following
description about the Conservative party is NOT true?
A. It has been in
power for an unusually long period of time.
B. It prefers
policies that protect individual's rights.
C. It receives a lot
of the funding from big companies.
D. It is known as a
party of high taxation levels.
7. Which government lost a vote
of no confidence and was forced to resign in 1979?
A. the Conservative
government B. the
Liberal government
C. the Labour
government
D. the radical government
8.
Which period of time in British history was described as "private
affluence and public squalor"?
A. the 1940s
B. the 1970s C.
the 1980s D. the 1990s
9. Which of
the following about the "poll tax" is NOT true?
A. It was introduced by the Conservative
government.
B. It was introduced
by the Labour government.
C. It was an attempt
to change local government taxes.
D. It was criticized
by many citizens.
10. Who is
the leader of the Labour party at present?
A. John Major B. Tony Blair C. Harold Wilson D. Margaret Thatcher
1. Who can stand for election as an MP in the UK? Why are small parties and independent candidates powerless in the election campaign for the formation of a government?
2. What
are the three big parties in the UK? What are some of the similarities and
dissimilarities between the three parties?
3. What
are some of the recent political trends in the UK? Are these trends more
democratic or undemocratic? What is the author's opinion?
4. The
author says that John Major's conservatives remain unpopular in 1997. What
reasons does the author give for this political situation?
I.
Fill in the blanks:
1. "The Jewel in the Crown"
of the British Empire -- _______ which provided _______ and a
big market for British goods, gained independence in 1947.
2. A low rate of _______ coupled with a very high rate of _______is a characteristic of the
UK economy.
3. Since 1945, the UK economy has
experienced _______decline
rather than_______ decline.
4. In the 1970s, the devaluation of the
UK currency forced the Labour government to borrow
money from _______.
5. In 1979, the Conservative party
under _______came into power
and carried out a
programme of
_______.
6. In recent years, Britain is second
only to the U.S. as a destination for _______.
7. The UK economy can be divided into
three main sectors: _______
industries, secondary
industries
and _______ industries.
8. The beef
industry was hit badly by _______ which caused a ban on beef exports in 1996.
9. Since the discovery of oil and gas
under the _______, Britain
has gained a strong position
in the
offshore oil industry.
10. Glaxo-Wellcome is the biggest _______ company in the world while _______is the second largest paint manufacturer in the world.
11. _______ is one of the busiest share-dealing centers in the world.
12. Englishman Frank Whittle developed
the world's first practical _______ in 1937.
II.
Choose the correct answer from each of the following:
1. Which of the following
statements about the UK economy is NOT true?
A. Britain
remains one of the Group of Seven large industrial economies.
B. Britain has
experienced a relative economic decline since t945.
C. There has
been a period of steady decreasing of living standards.
D. Some smaller
economies have overtaken the UK in terms of output per capita.
2. Which of the following was NOT the reason for the
relative economic decline since
1945?
A. Britain did
not invest in modern equipment and new products.
B. Britain
spent a high proportion of its national wealth on the military.
C. Britain had
been heavily in debt to finance the war.
D. Britain had
carded out the nationalisation of the businesses.
3. Which of the following
livestock has the biggest number in the UK?
A. beef
battle B. dairy cattle C.
chicken D. sheep
4. Where is the best
agricultural land in Britain?
A. in the southeast
of England
B. in the
northeast of England
C. in the
southeast of Scotland
D. in the
northeast of Scotland
5. Which of the following
is NOT a company in the energy sector?
A. Shell B.
ICI
C. RTZ D. British Gas
6. Which of the following
used to be the last independent car company in the UK?
A. Ford
B. Peugeot
C. Rover
D. BMW
7. In aerospace
industry, which two countries are ahead of Britain?
A. the
U.S. and Germany
B. the
U.S. and Russia
C.
Germany and Russia
D. France
and Russia
8. Which civil airline was
started in 1924 after the First World War?
A. Imperial
Airways
B. British
Airways
C.
Hawker-Siddeley Aviation
D. the British
Aircraft Corporation
9. What did Frank Whittle
do in 1937?
A. He invented
the first jet plane.
B. He developed
the fast jet engine.
C. He made the
first powered flight.
D. He made the
trans-Atlantic flight.
10. Which company became an
important aero-engine manufacturer after WWI?
A. Boeing B. Rolls
Royce
C.
McDonnel-Douglas D.
Hawker-Siddeley Aviation
11. British Aerospace was the
merger of which two companies?
A. the British
Aircraft Corporation and Hawker-Siddeley Aviation
B. the British
Aircraft Corporation and Rolls Royce
C.
Hawker-Siddeley Aviation and GEC Avionics
D.
Hawker-Siddeley Aviation and Rolls Royce
1. Please define
"absolute decline and relative decline" in the UK economy. How does
the author
explain the
reasons for the absolute decline and relative decline?
2. What
did the Conservative Party under Mrs. Margaret Thatcher promise to do to the UK
national economy in 1979? The word "reform' in the national economy was
also popular when Mrs. Margaret Thatcher formed the government and decided to
change the UK economy. What was her radical reform programme? Was the pragramme
successful according to the author?
3. What are the three
main areas in national economies? Describe the development of each of the
three areas
in the UK economy,
4. The
author believes that Britain, like most developed economics, has seen a
relatively shrinking of the importance of secondary industry and a spectacular
growth in tertiary or service industries. Why is it so? Do you see a similar
growth in tertiary industries in China in the past 20 years? How is this growth
related to the reform and opening up to the outside world?
I
Fill in the blanks:
1. One of the oldest of the early
"old English" literary works is called, _______.
2. _______ is generally regarded as Geoffrey Chaucer's masterpiece.
3. Shakespeare's plays fall into three categories. They are _______, _______ and_______. 4. Name two of the tragedies
written by Shakespeare: and
5. Charlotte Bronte and Emily Bronte
are noted for their novels______ and _______ which
are largely
the love stories of a woman for a man.
6. Charles Dickens and Elizabeth
Gaskell are regarded not only as _______ but also as social_______
in the 19th century.
7. The author of lvanhoe was _______; Doctor Jekyll and Mr. Hyde was
done by
_______
; Charles Dickens wrote _______ and _______ among many
other works.
8.
Twentieth-century literature can be broadly divided into two stylistic periods: _______and
_______.
9. Virginia Woolf was one of the most
famous writers of the _______
century. Her work was concerned with the individual consciousness, especially
the _______consciousness. She sometimes used
the technique called _______ in her writing.
10. The Heart of Darkness was written by ; the
French Lieutenant's Woman
was done by _______ and the author of 1984 was _______..
11. The most famous novel by John
Fowles was called _______.
12. Smiley's People was written
by _______.
II.
Choose the correct answer form each of the following:
1. Which of the following books
is written by Geoffrey Chaucer ?
A. The Canterbury
Tales B. Beowulf C. The Ulster Cycle D. Morte D'Arthur
2. What flourished in Elizabethan
age more than any other form of literature ?
A. Novel C. Drama B.
Essay
D. Poetry
3. Among the following writers,
who was NOT one of the great trio?
A. Ben Johnson
C. Geoffrey Chaucer
B. William
Shakespeare D.
Christopher Marlowe
4. Which of the following did NOT
belong to Romanticism ?
A. Keats
C. Wordsworth
B. Shelley
D.E.M.Foster
5. Which of the following
is a tragedy written by Shakespeare ?
A. Dr.
Faustus
C. Frankenstein
B. Hamlet
D. Sense and Sensibility
6. Which of the following
was the most famous Scottish novelist ?
A. D.H.
Lawrence
C. Robert L. Stevenson
B. Charles
Dickens
D. Walter Scott
7. Several gifted women played a part in 19th-century
literature. Which of the following is
an exception
?
A. Virginia
Woolf C.
Jane Austen
B. Emily
Bronte
D. Charlotte Bronte
8. Which of the following
writers was NOT associated with Modernism ?
A. D.H.
Lawrence
C. Charles Dickens
B. E.M.
Forster
D. Virginia Woolf
9. Which of the following
is generally considered to be the masterpiece by Joseph Conrad ?
A. Sybil
C. Bleak House