习题要求
为配合教师教学和学生自主学习，我们以考试试卷的形式配备了大量的课后练习题， 以帮助学生复习、归纳所学内容，从而帮助学生记忆各种信息，巩固和提高文化和语言知识。每套试卷分为: I填空题(Fill the Blanks)，II多项选择题(II. Tick the
correct answer in each of the following)及III问答题(Questions for Thought)三个部分。
I. Fill the Blanks: 该部分重点考察每章的重点内容, 以填空题的形式出现以使学生掌握更加详尽的关于英美文化的背景知识。
II. Tick
the correct answer in each of the following： 该部分重点考察学生对多种信息的的灵活掌握情况，以提高学生对所学内容的综合掌握程度。
III．Questions
for Thought：该部分可供学生进行课上和课外的口语练习之用或者用英语开展跨文化比较讨论时使用。
所有试题均能够在课本上找到答案，希望学生在学习时能够从分利用这些试题，以能更好的学习英美文化与语言知识。
I. Fill in the blanks:
1. Britain consists of
_____ nations, including England,_____, _______ and ______.
2. Britain is a country
with a history of invasions. In 43 AD Britain was invaded by_______, in
the late 8th
century they experienced _______
raids from Scandinavia and in the 11th century they
suffered invasions from _______
3. The Anglo-Saxons
began to settle in Britain in ________ century.
4. The capital of
Britain is ______ which has great influence on the UK in all fields
including_______,
_______ and _______
5. Charles the First, king of Britain, was executed, because he attempted to _____ in the English Revolution.
6. Name
two Scottish cities which have ancient and internationally respected universities:_______
and______.
7. The
battle of Bannockburn led by Robert the Bruce succeeded in winning the full
independence
of _______
8. Both
the Scottish and Welsh people elect their members of parliaments to the London Parliament
and each holds_______ and. _______ seats respectively.
9. The capital of
Scotland is ______, which is well-known for its natural
10.
Although Wales is the smallest of the three nations on the_____ mainland, it's
good at getting _______from abroad,
particularly Japan and _____.
II.
Tick the correct answer in each of the following:
1. Three of the following
are characteristics of London. Which of the four is the exception?
A. London is a
political, economic and cultural centre of the country.
B. London has a
larger population than all other cities in England.
C. London is
not only the largest city in Britain, but also the largest in the world.
D. London has
played a significant role in the economic construction of the country.
2. The Tower of London, a
historical sight, located in the centre of London, was built by
A. King
Harold B. Robin Hood C. Oliver Cromwell D. William the Conqueror
3. Who were the ancestors of the English and the
founders of England?
A. the
Anglo-Saxons B. the Romans C. the Vikings D. the Romans
4. Which is the largest
city in Scotland?
A. Cardiff B. Edinburgh C. Glasgow D. Manchester
5. Why did
the Scottish Kings decide to form an independent singular Scottish state in the
ninth
century?
A. They needed
a unified independent nation to fight against Viking raids.
B. They felt it
necessary to develop their own industry.
C. They were
threatened by the Anglo-Saxons' invasion.
D. They had to
do it in order to resist the English.
6. Where do the majority of
people in Scotland live?
A. in the
Highlands
B. in the Lowlands
C. in the
Uplands D. in the west of
Scotland
7. Which of the following
statements is NOT true?
A. Wales was
invaded by the Romans.
B. Wales was
occupied by the Anglo-Saxons.
C. Wales was
conquered by the Normans.
D. Wales was
threatened by the English.
8. Which of the following
parties-in Scotland still wants an independent Scotland?
A.
the Labor Party
B. the Liberal Party
C. the
Scottish Nationalist Party D. the Conservative Party
9. When
did Scotland join the Union by agreement of the English and Scottish
parliaments?
A. in
1715 B. in
1688 C. in
1745
D. in 1707
10.
Llywelgn ap Gruffudd is more than a simple historical figure for the Welsh. He
is almost considered the legendary hero of Welsh nationalism because
A. he became
the first Prince of Wales in 1267.
B. he
brought the English under his control.
C. he led a
historic uprising against the English.
D. he
unified Wales as an independent nation.
1.
"British history has been a history of invasion". Please illustrate
this point with: the examples from the text. How did each of the invasions
influence English culture ?
2. What
are some general characteristics of Scotland ? How did Scotland become part of
the union of Great Britain ?
3. Describe characteristics
of Wales and Wales' unification with Great Britain.
4. Are there any
differences between England, Scotland and Wales in terms of cultural tradition?
I.
Fill in the blanks:
1. The Home Rule Bill was finally passed
in ______, but the process was overtaken by and was ______ suspended for the
duration of the war.
2. To pursue Irish independence, the most
spectacular event in the Irish history was
______of 1916, in which the
rebels occupied Dublin's ______ and forced the British to take
it back by______
3. As Protestants were the majority of the
province, they controlled the local ______and used that power ______to support
their economic and social ______ in the area. Therefore Catholics in Northern
Ireland began______ movement in the 1960s, campaigning for ______
4. The ______ IRA believed that they had
made enough progress so that they could
concentrate
on ______, and run candidates for ______.
5. The ______ IRA separated from the
officials, because they felt that ______ was the only way to get the British
out.
6. Threatened by the IRA in the early
1970s, the Protestants formed their own illegal______
groups and took revenge
on______.
7.
In 1971 the
Northern Irish government took the action to imprison terrorist suspects from
both sides
without______ , a policy known as ______.
8. In
the 1980s convicted IRA prisoners started a campaign for the status of
being
______by starving themselves. The British government didn't ______to
this demand for political status and ______ prisoners starved to death.
9. 1972 was the worst year of the troubles
which included 13 Catholics who had been taking part in a peaceful ______. They
were shot dead by ______ . This day has now been mythologized as ______.
10. A series
of big bombs in London in the late 1980s and early 1990 increased ______
on the British government to come
up with ______.
11.
Sinn Fein, the legal ______ Party, supports the IRA's right to fight. Its
leaders spoke of a twin campaign for union with ______, both political and
military, which is known as the policy of ______.
12. In August 1994, the IRA declared ______
with the efforts made by John Hume, the leader
of _______,
and Gerry Adams, the leader of ______.
13. It's hard to make talks successful
between the British and Irish governments without the
participation
of ______ and ______.
14.
R.U.C. stands for ______.
II.
Tick the correct answer in each of the following:
1. In the seventeenth century, the English government encouraged people from Scotland and Northern England to emigrate to the north of Ireland, because
A. they wanted
to increase its control over Ireland.
B. they had
too many people and didn't have enough space for them to live in.
C. they
intended to expand their investment.
D. they
believed that Ireland was the best place for them.
2. In 1969,
the first British soldiers were seen on Northern Ireland Street. They came fast
A. to maintain
traffic order in Northern Ireland.
B. to protect
the Catholic people.
C. to protect the Protestant people.
D. to replace
the Royal Ulster Constabulary since they were unable to keep social order.
3.
Northern Ireland is the smallest of the four nations, but is quite well-known
in the world for
A. its most
famous landmark, the "Giant's Causeway".
B. its rich
cultural life.
C. its low
living standards.
D. its
endless political problems.
4.
Faced with conflicting demands the British government chose a compromise and
organized a partition of Ireland, because
A. the British
government wouldn't be able to control Ireland any longer by force.
B. the British government intended to
satisfy both sides ——— Catholics as well as Protestants.
C. Catholics
in Ireland demanded a partition of Ireland.
D. Protestants
welcomed the idea of partition.
5. Which of
the following statements is NOT true?
A. Sinn Fein
is the legal political Party in Northern Ireland.
B. Those who
want to unite Northern Ireland with Britain are called Unionists.
C. Social
Democratic and Labor Party is a very important political Party in Britain.
D. Those who
show their loyalty to the British Crown are called Loyalists.
6. In the
early 1970s, the IRA
A. killed
many Protestants and Catholics.
B. burned
down the houses of Catholics.
C. murdered
individuals at random.
D. carried out a series of bombing and
shooting and attacked the security forces as their main target.
7. 1972 was
the worst year of the political troubles in Northern Ireland, because
A. 13
Catholics were shot dead by the police.
B. 468 people were killed in Northern Ireland.
C. the government carried out a policy known as "internment".
D. Bloody killing of 468 people fortified Catholic opposition to the
British presence
in Northern
Ireland.
8. Why did the British government decide
to replace the Power-Sharing policy with "direct-rule" from London?
A. The Power-Sharing policy was not accepted by the majority of
Protestants.
B. The Northern Irish Parliament could not govern the province
effectively.
C. The Power-Sharing policy couldn't be carried out.
D. All the above.
9. Which of
the following statements is NOT true?
A. In
1981, some convicted IRA prisoners went on a hunger-strike.
B. They
demanded for the status of being "political prisoners" by starving
themselves.
C.
Margaret Thatcher's government gave in to their political demand.
D. The
death of prisoners revitalized the political movement of Sinn Fein.
10. How many
counties do you know there are in Northern Ireland?
A. 26
B. 6
C. 32
D. 20
1. Why
is Northern Ireland, according to the author, so significant in the United
Kingdom ? What is the political problem there ?
2. What
are some of the factors in Irish and English history that affect the situation
in Northern Ireland today ?
3.
Different parties and groups in the United Kingdom have different solutions to
the
political problem in Northern Ireland. Please sum up their
different attitudes.
4. Has the author offered a solution to the political
problem in Northern Ireland ?
I. Fill in the
blanks:
1. _______, the ancestor of the present
Queen, Elizabeth 11, united England under his rule
in 829.
2. The doctrine of the
"divine right of kings" held that _______, _________
3. During the civil war in
the 17th century, those who represented the interests of Parliament
are called _______ and those who supported the King
were called _______
4. In 1215, some feudal
barons and the Church forced King _______ to sign the _______ to
place some
limits on the King's power.
5. In medieval times, kings
would summon a group of wealthy barons and representatives of counties, towns
and cities--- called _______
to raise money.
6. In 1689, Parliament
passed _______ to ensure that
the King would never be able to ignore
Parliament.
7. In the 18th century,
King George I left the job of chairing cabinet meetings to one of his ministers
who later came to be called _______.
8. In Britain, the official
head of state is _______
while the real centre of political life is in ______
9. The British Constitution
consists of _______, _______,
and _______.
10. The most important function
of the Parliament is to _______._______,
11. Strictly speaking, the Parliament today consists of _______, _______
and _______.
12. The fund the Queen received to repair the fire damage to ______
caused a lot criticism from the public about the monarchy, and the Queen
later decided to open, _______
to summer tourists to raise money.
13. Life peers should be
nominated by _______ and
appointed by _______.
14. According to tradition, most
peerages can only be passed through the _______ lines.
II.
Choose the correct answer from each of the following:
1. Which of the following
is NOT characteristic of British government?
A. It offers the Queen high political status and supreme power.
B. It is both a
parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy.
C. It is the oldest
representative democracy in the world.
D. It has no written form
of Constitution.
2. Which of the
following king was executed in the civil war?
A. James I B. James II C. Charles I D. Charles
II
3. What happened in
1215?
A. It was the year of Norman Conquest in British history.
B. Forced by barons, King John signed
the Magna Cart&
C. Henry IV granted the Commons the
power to review money grants.
D. King Egbert united England under his
rule.
4. Which of the
following is NOT true about the Great Council?
A. They included barons and
representatives from counties and towns.
B. They were sometimes summoned by the
kings to contribute money.
C. They later developed into what we
now know as the Cabinet.
D. They represented the aristocrats as
well as the communities.
5. Under whose reign
was the Bill of Rights passed?
A. James II B. William of Orange C. Oliver
Cromwell D. George I
6. Which of the
following is NOT true about the Constitution?
A. It is a document which lists out the
basic principles for government.
B. It is the foundation of British
governance today.
C. Conventions and Laws passed by
Parliament are part of the Constitution.
D. The common laws are part of the
Constitution.
7. Which of the
following about the Parliament is NOT true?
A. There are no legal restraints upon
Parliament.
B. Strictly speaking, the Queen is part
of the Parliament.
C. Parliament has the supreme power of
passing laws.
D. Parliament has no power to change
the terms of the Constitution.
8. Which of the following about the Queen is NOT true?
A. The Queen selects the Prime Minister
and the Cabinet.
B. The Queen symbolizes the tradition
and unity of the British state.
C. The Queen acts as a confidante to
the Prime Minister.
D. The Queen is the temporal head of
the Church of England.
9. Which, of the
following about the House of Lords is NOT true?
A. Lords do not receive salaries and
many do not attend Parliament sittings.
B. It consists of the Lords
Spiritual and the Lords Temporal.
C. The lords are expected to
represent the interests of the public.
D. Most of the lords in the House
of Lords are males.
10. Which of the
following about the House of Commons is NOT true?
A. Members of
Parliament elect the Prime Minister and the Cabinet.
B. MPs receive salaries and some other allowances.
C. MPs are expected to represent the interests of the
public.
D. Most MPs belong to the major political parties.
Questions
for Thought
1.
What
are some of the characteristics of the British constitutional monarchy? How has
the English monarchy evolved gradually to the present constitutional monarchy?
2.
How did the doctrine of the "divine fight of kings", according to the
author, lead to the
English
Civil War? What do you know about the causes of the English Revolution in the
17th
century?
3. What is the history
of English parliament? What role did the parliament play in the Civil War?
4. Discuss the major
characteristics and the main content of the British constitution.
5. Why does the author
say that parliament is supreme in the British state? What functions does
parliament
have? What role does the Queen ( King ) and the Prime Minister play in British
government?
6. What kind of
institution is the House of Lords? What role does it play in British
government?
I.
Fill in the blanks:
1. The
UK is divided into _______
constituencies with each of them represented by a member in _________
2. The
party which wins the majority seats in parliament forms _______and its party leader becomes _________
3. Normally, a
government can be in power for _______ years, and then it has to resign and hold
a general election.
4. If a government
loses a _______ in the House
of Commons, it has to resign.
5. The electoral
register refers to _______.
6. The amount of time
given to each party in the "party electoral broadcasts" is
proportional to
the _______ which the party received at the
previous election.
7. In order to be fair,
the amount of money a candidate can spend in his is strictly limited.
8.
The media
conducts _______ to try to predict the result of the election.
9.
There are three
major parties in the UK: _______ _______ and _______.
10. _______ was established by the Labor government in 1948, providing
health care for all
the people.
11.
From 1979 to 1997, _______
won 4 consecutive elections and was in power for quite a long
time.
12. _______ is the leader of the Conservative
party while _______ is the leader of the
Labor party.
II.
Choose the correct answer from each of the following:
1. Which group of people
can NOT vote in the general election?
A. members in
the House of Commons B. Lords in the House of Lords
C. the UK
citizens aboyee the age of 18 D. the UK resident citizens of the Irish Republic
2. By whom is a "vote of no
confidence" decided?
A. the House of
Commons
B. the House of Lords
C. the two major
parties
D. the Prime Minister
3. Which of the following is NOT
true about the electoral campaigns?
A. Big parties can
buy time to broadcast their policies on the television.
B. There is a limit
on the amount of money candidates can spend in their constituency
campaign.
C. Candidates and
their supporters go door-to-door persuading voters to vote for them.
D. Candidates criticize
each other's policies to show how good their own policies are.
4. How many seats in the House of
Commons should a party hold at least in order to win the election?
A. 651 B. 326 C. 626
D. 351
5. Which of the following party
adopts a "fatherly" sense of obligation to the poorer people
in the
society?
A. the Conservative
party
B. the Liberal Democrats
C. the Party of
Wales
D. the Labour party
6. Which of the following
description about the Conservative party is NOT true?
A. It has been in
power for an unusually long period of time.
B. It prefers
policies that protect individual's rights.
C. It receives a lot
of the funding from big companies.
D. It is known as a
party of high taxation levels.
7. Which government lost a vote
of no confidence and was forced to resign in 1979?
A. the Conservative
government B. the
Liberal government
C. the Labour
government
D. the radical government
8.
Which period of time in British history was described as "private
affluence and public squalor"?
A. the 1940s
B. the 1970s C.
the 1980s D. the 1990s
9. Which of
the following about the "poll tax" is NOT true?
A. It was introduced by the Conservative
government.
B. It was introduced
by the Labour government.
C. It was an attempt
to change local government taxes.
D. It was criticized
by many citizens.
10. Who is
the leader of the Labour party at present?
A. John Major B. Tony Blair C. Harold Wilson D. Margaret Thatcher
1. Who can stand for election as an MP in the UK? Why are small parties and independent candidates powerless in the election campaign for the formation of a government?
2. What
are the three big parties in the UK? What are some of the similarities and
dissimilarities between the three parties?
3. What
are some of the recent political trends in the UK? Are these trends more
democratic or undemocratic? What is the author's opinion?
4. The
author says that John Major's conservatives remain unpopular in 1997. What
reasons does the author give for this political situation?
I.
Fill in the blanks:
1. "The Jewel in the Crown"
of the British Empire -- _______ which provided _______ and a
big market for British goods, gained independence in 1947.
2. A low rate of _______ coupled with a very high rate of _______is a characteristic of the
UK economy.
3. Since 1945, the UK economy has
experienced _______decline
rather than_______ decline.
4. In the 1970s, the devaluation of the
UK currency forced the Labour government to borrow
money from _______.
5. In 1979, the Conservative party
under _______came into power
and carried out a
programme of
_______.
6. In recent years, Britain is second
only to the U.S. as a destination for _______.
7. The UK economy can be divided into
three main sectors: _______
industries, secondary
industries
and _______ industries.
8. The beef
industry was hit badly by _______ which caused a ban on beef exports in 1996.
9. Since the discovery of oil and gas
under the _______, Britain
has gained a strong position
in the
offshore oil industry.
10. Glaxo-Wellcome is the biggest _______ company in the world while _______is the second largest paint manufacturer in the world.
11. _______ is one of the busiest share-dealing centers in the world.
12. Englishman Frank Whittle developed
the world's first practical _______ in 1937.
II.
Choose the correct answer from each of the following:
1. Which of the following
statements about the UK economy is NOT true?
A. Britain
remains one of the Group of Seven large industrial economies.
B. Britain has
experienced a relative economic decline since t945.
C. There has
been a period of steady decreasing of living standards.
D. Some smaller
economies have overtaken the UK in terms of output per capita.
2. Which of the following was NOT the reason for the
relative economic decline since
1945?
A. Britain did
not invest in modern equipment and new products.
B. Britain
spent a high proportion of its national wealth on the military.
C. Britain had
been heavily in debt to finance the war.
D. Britain had
carded out the nationalisation of the businesses.
3. Which of the following
livestock has the biggest number in the UK?
A. beef
battle B. dairy cattle C.
chicken D. sheep
4. Where is the best
agricultural land in Britain?
A. in the southeast
of England
B. in the
northeast of England
C. in the
southeast of Scotland
D. in the
northeast of Scotland
5. Which of the following
is NOT a company in the energy sector?
A. Shell B.
ICI
C. RTZ D. British Gas
6. Which of the following
used to be the last independent car company in the UK?
A. Ford
B. Peugeot
C. Rover
D. BMW
7. In aerospace
industry, which two countries are ahead of Britain?
A. the
U.S. and Germany
B. the
U.S. and Russia
C.
Germany and Russia
D. France
and Russia
8. Which civil airline was
started in 1924 after the First World War?
A. Imperial
Airways
B. British
Airways
C.
Hawker-Siddeley Aviation
D. the British
Aircraft Corporation
9. What did Frank Whittle
do in 1937?
A. He invented
the first jet plane.
B. He developed
the fast jet engine.
C. He made the
first powered flight.
D. He made the
trans-Atlantic flight.
10. Which company became an
important aero-engine manufacturer after WWI?
A. Boeing B. Rolls
Royce
C.
McDonnel-Douglas D.
Hawker-Siddeley Aviation
11. British Aerospace was the
merger of which two companies?
A. the British
Aircraft Corporation and Hawker-Siddeley Aviation
B. the British
Aircraft Corporation and Rolls Royce
C.
Hawker-Siddeley Aviation and GEC Avionics
D.
Hawker-Siddeley Aviation and Rolls Royce
1. Please define
"absolute decline and relative decline" in the UK economy. How does
the author
explain the
reasons for the absolute decline and relative decline?
2. What
did the Conservative Party under Mrs. Margaret Thatcher promise to do to the UK
national economy in 1979? The word "reform' in the national economy was
also popular when Mrs. Margaret Thatcher formed the government and decided to
change the UK economy. What was her radical reform programme? Was the pragramme
successful according to the author?
3. What are the three
main areas in national economies? Describe the development of each of the
three areas
in the UK economy,
4. The
author believes that Britain, like most developed economics, has seen a
relatively shrinking of the importance of secondary industry and a spectacular
growth in tertiary or service industries. Why is it so? Do you see a similar
growth in tertiary industries in China in the past 20 years? How is this growth
related to the reform and opening up to the outside world?
I
Fill in the blanks:
1. One of the oldest of the early
"old English" literary works is called, _______.
2. _______ is generally regarded as Geoffrey Chaucer's masterpiece.
3. Shakespeare's plays fall into three categories. They are _______, _______ and_______. 4. Name two of the tragedies
written by Shakespeare: and
5. Charlotte Bronte and Emily Bronte
are noted for their novels______ and _______ which
are largely
the love stories of a woman for a man.
6. Charles Dickens and Elizabeth
Gaskell are regarded not only as _______ but also as social_______
in the 19th century.
7. The author of lvanhoe was _______; Doctor Jekyll and Mr. Hyde was
done by
_______
; Charles Dickens wrote _______ and _______ among many
other works.
8.
Twentieth-century literature can be broadly divided into two stylistic periods: _______and
_______.
9. Virginia Woolf was one of the most
famous writers of the _______
century. Her work was concerned with the individual consciousness, especially
the _______consciousness. She sometimes used
the technique called _______ in her writing.
10. The Heart of Darkness was written by ; the
French Lieutenant's Woman
was done by _______ and the author of 1984 was _______..
11. The most famous novel by John
Fowles was called _______.
12. Smiley's People was written
by _______.
II.
Choose the correct answer form each of the following:
1. Which of the following books
is written by Geoffrey Chaucer ?
A. The Canterbury
Tales B. Beowulf C. The Ulster Cycle D. Morte D'Arthur
2. What flourished in Elizabethan
age more than any other form of literature ?
A. Novel C. Drama B.
Essay
D. Poetry
3. Among the following writers,
who was NOT one of the great trio?
A. Ben Johnson
C. Geoffrey Chaucer
B. William
Shakespeare D.
Christopher Marlowe
4. Which of the following did NOT
belong to Romanticism ?
A. Keats
C. Wordsworth
B. Shelley
D.E.M.Foster
5. Which of the following
is a tragedy written by Shakespeare ?
A. Dr.
Faustus
C. Frankenstein
B. Hamlet
D. Sense and Sensibility
6. Which of the following
was the most famous Scottish novelist ?
A. D.H.
Lawrence
C. Robert L. Stevenson
B. Charles
Dickens
D. Walter Scott
7. Several gifted women played a part in 19th-century
literature. Which of the following is
an exception
?
A. Virginia
Woolf C.
Jane Austen
B. Emily
Bronte
D. Charlotte Bronte
8. Which of the following
writers was NOT associated with Modernism ?
A. D.H.
Lawrence
C. Charles Dickens
B. E.M.
Forster
D. Virginia Woolf
9. Which of the following
is generally considered to be the masterpiece by Joseph Conrad ?
A. Sybil
C. Bleak House
B. The Heart of
Darkness D. Wuthering Heights
10. Which of the following
was a Postmodernist writer ?
A. George
Orwell
C. Jane Austen
B. Robert
L. Stevenson D. Virginia Woolf
Questions for
Thought
1. What are some of the characteristics of the
early writing in English Literature?
2. Why do you think Geoffrey Chaucer was so
significant in English Literature?
3. Why do you think that the legend of King Arthur
was so popular in the early writing of English Literature? Can you fred a
similar example in early Chinese Literature?
4. What
are some main features of Elizabethan Drama? Who was the best known figure in
lizabethan Drama? What were some of the major works done by him? Can you retell
one of the stories from his plays?
I.
Fill in the blanks:
1. _______
is a rough, fast game which was invented in Britain while _______ is a more
gentle sport
which owes its origins to the Church.
2. The FA Cup stands for _______.
3. Each year, the best tennis players in the world gather
at. _______to compete for the
championship.
4. Phrases like "on a
sticky wicket" and "playing with a straight bat" are associated
with the sport of _______.
5. The game of golf was invented by the _______ and there is one ancient and famous
golf course
at _______.
6. There are two kinds of
horse racing: _______and _______.
7. People usually dress up and show off their fashionable
clothes and elaborate hats for the
social event
called _______.
8. _______is a sport involves riding skills as well as speed.
9. _______
are people of extremist animal rights groups who will try every possible
means to
prevent the hunt from proceeding.
10. Many British people like to
participate in the popular sport of fishing, which is
sometimes called _______
II.
Choose the correct answer from each of the following:
1. Which of the following
was NOT an activity in Shakespeare' s time?
A. playing
football
B. having a
drink at the pub
C. working the
land
D. attending
the Grand National
2. Which of the following sports was not invented in Britain?
A. football
B. tennis
C. archery
D. cricket
3. Which of the following is NOT true about football in
Britain?
A. Millions of
people attend the FA games each season.
B.
"Football hooligans" sometimes have violent clashes.
C. It was
invented by Scottish people.
D. It was once
described as "beastly" violent.
4. Where is the international tennis championships held?
A. Wembley
B. Wimbledon
C. St Andrews
D. Clapham
5. Which of the following was the first team sport to have
organized rules?
A. football
B. cricket
C. horse racing
D. tennis
6. Which of the following
is NOT true about cricket in Britain?
A. It is now
still a snobbish game played by aristocratic people.
B. Its rules
are rather obscure.
C. The matches
last for a few days.
D. The players
appear to be quite formally dressed.
7. Which of the following
members from the royal family enjoys equestrianism?
A. Mary Queen of Scotland
B. the Queen
C.
"Fergie"
D. Princess
Anne
8. Which of the following
is truly a sport of the royal family?
A. cricket
B. skiing
C. golfing
D. horse racing
9. Which of the following
,is NOT associated .with horse racing?
A.
placing bets
B. the
Royal Ascot
C. the
Grand National
D. the FA
Cup
10. Which of the following
about hunting is NOT true?
A. It had
developed into a recreational activity in medieval England.
B. Only
men participated in the hunting.
C. Modem
hunters usually chase foxes nowadays.
D. It is
strongly objected by animal rights groups.
1. What
has influenced British sports? Please pick up some examples from the text to
demonstrate that the Christian church has greatly influenced the sports and
leisure activities of the British.
2. What
are some of the major differences and similarities between the British and
Chinese attitudes towards sports? What are some of the changes that have take
place recently in the Chinese attitude towards sports? How do you account for
these changes?.
3. What
is the origin of football? Why do you think people in Britain like watching
football matches? How is the violence of "football hooligans" related
to the British history of football?
4. Why does the author
say that tennis literally owes its origins to the Church?
5. Why
is cricket very English? Why does the author believe that cricket was
associated with a set of English moral values? The author says that "the
idea of 'fair play' characterized the British government". Do you agree
with the author? Please comment on the author's statement.
I.
Fill in the blanks:
1. Most of the world' s religions are
practiced in present-day Britain. There are quite large
communities
of Hindu, _______,_______ and
Sikh and numerous smaller groups.
2. Christmas commemorates _______, while _______ commemorates the crucifixion and
resurrection
of Jesus Christ.
3. _______ is a comical musical play enjoyed by adults and children
during Christmas time. It has two main characters: _______ and _______
4.
Traditionally, people gave Christmas gifts or money to their staff or servants
on _______ , which is the _______ day after Christmas.
5. Many Muslims in Britain observe a
traditional Islamic festival called _______, during which nothing can be eaten or drunk between dawn
and nightfall.
6. Overseas Chinese community in
Britain often celebrates Chinese New Year with ______, fireworks, parades and family celebrations.
7. On the second Saturday in June, the Queen's birthday is officially celebrated by _______
around _______ in London.
8. The Bonfire Night, which is
celebrated in. November, sometimes is also called _______.
9. _______, affectionately known as King Billy, defeated the Catholic
King at the Battle of_______ in 1690.
10. On _______ each year, Protestant "Orangemen" march through
the streets, celebrating their victory over the Catholics.
11. On March 17 each year, northern
Irish Catholics celebrate the birthday of _______, St Patrik who is said to use shamrock to explain the
Christian _______ to the pagan Irish.
12. One widely practised custom on
Scottish Hogmanay is _______.
13. Scottish people celebrate the
birthday of their national poet by holding a _______; and the
Welsh festival of music-making and
poetry writing is called. _______.
14. Communion with the dead, mischief,
fortune-telling and masquerades are common practices on _______.
II.
Choose the correct answer from each of the following:
1. Which one of the
following is NOT particularly British Christmas tradition?
A. enjoying the
Pantomime
B. the Queen
broadcasting her Christmas message
C. receiving
gifts from Santa Claus
D. shopping on
the Boxing Day
2. Which of the following
has nothing to do with Easter?
A. rabbits
B. haggis
C. chicks
D. eggs
3. Which community observes
the traditional Ramadan?
A. Hindu
B. Sikh
C. Jewish
D. Muslim
4. Which celebration
particularly happens on the Queen's birthday?
A. bonfires
B. the Orange
March
C. Trooping the
Color
D. masquerades
5. Which of the following
is true about the Guy Fawkes Night?
A. It is
celebrated by Scottish people in November.
B. It is
celebrated by English people in November.
C. It is
celebrated by Scottish people in August.
D. It is
celebrated by English people in August.
6. Which of the following
is true about the Gunpowder Plot?
A. It was
planned to kill the Protestant king and replace him with a Catholic king.
B. It was
planned to kill the Catholic king and replace him with a Protestant king.
C. It was
planned to kill King Billy and replace him with King James II.
D. It was
planned to kill King James II and replace him with King Billy.
7. Which of the
following commemorates the Battle of Boyne?
A. the
Bonfire Night celebration in Lewes
B.
Trooping the Colour in London
C. the
Eisteddfod in Wales
D. the
Orange March in Northern Ireland
8 Which of the
following is NOT true about St Patrick?
A. He was
once made a slave in Ireland.
B. He
brought Christianity to Ireland.
C. He
drove snakes out of Ireland.
D. He was
a druid.
9. Which of the
following is the widely practised custom in Scottish New Year?
A.
first-footing
B.
kissing under the mistletoe
C. Bums
Supper
D. using
magic spells to see into future
10. Of which people is
Robert Bums a national poet?
A. Welsh
people
B. Irish
people
C.
Scottish people
D.
English people
11. On which day is Halloween celebrated?
A. 5
November
B. 31
October
C. 17
March
D. 25
December
12. Which of the following is NOT true about the Eisteddfod?
A. The
highlight is the crowning of the two bards.
B. It is
the largest popular festival of music-making and poetry writing in Europe.
C.
"Address to a Haggis" is recited.
D.
Competitions are held to find the best choirs, translators, essayists and
poets.
1. Christmas is the biggest and best-loved British
holiday. How do the British celebrate this holiday? In what way does this
holiday and the ways of celebration in Britain reflect western cultural
traditions in general and British traditions in particular? What is the biggest
and best-loved holiday in China? Are there any similarities or differences
between the Chinese people celebrating the biggest and best-loved holiday and
the British celebrating Christmas?
2. How do the British celebrate the Queen's
Birthday? What is the origin of this holiday?
3.
Bonfire Night is one truly English holiday. How and why do the English
celebrate this holiday?
3. How do the Protestants and Catholics celebrate their own holidays in Northern Ireland? What traditions are behind their celebrations?
4. How is Hogmanay celebrated in Scotland? What other festivals are celebrated in Scotland?
5. In what way are the Welsh people different from England, Scotland and Northern Ireland in
celebrating their holidays?
I.
Fill in the blanks:
1. The two oldest
universities in Britain are_______ and _______.
2. Two famous public schools in England are _______ and _______.
3. Children in Britain must
receive a full-time education legally from the age of _______to_______
4. Pupils from the age of _______ to _______ mainly attend
state-ran schools.
5. Students attend _______schools from the age of 11 up to around the age of _______.
6. Parents can choose
between sending their children to _______ schools or _______schools.
7. Parents from the
wealthier middle class prefer to send their children to schools so as to have
better _______
8. Comprehensive schools
provide a _______ education,
teaching students everything from _______
subjects like literature and science to more _______ subjects like cooking and carpentry.
9. Name two of the four
Scottish Universities dating from the 14th and 15113 centuries: _______ and _______
10. In Britain, people can go to
the _______without having any
formal educational qualifications.
11. GCSE stands for _______.
12. GCEA stands for _______.
13. GNVQs stands for _______.
II.
Choose the correct answer from each of the following:
1. In Britain, the great
majority of parents send their children to
A. private
schools.
C. state schools.
B. independent schools. D. public schools.
2. In
Britain, children from the age of 5 to 16
A. can legally receive partly free education.
B. can legally receive completely free education.
C. can not receive free education at all.
D. can not
receive free education if their parents are rich.
3. If a
student wants to go to university in Britain, he will take the examination
called
A. General Certificate of Education--Advanced.
B. General Certificate of Secondary Education.
C. the common entrance examination.
D. General
National Vocational Qualifications.
4. Which of
the following is a privately funded university in Britain ?
A. The University of Cambridge.
B. The University of Oxford.
C. The University of Edinburgh.
D. The
University of Buckingham
5. Which of
the following is NOT true ?
A. Parents send their children to public schools
because they are rich.
B. Parents send their children to public schools
because their children can get better jobs when they leave school.
C. Parents send
their children to public schools because their children can have a better
chance of getting into a good university.
D.
Parents send their children to public schools because their children prefer to
go to public schools.
6. Which of
the following is NOT a characteristic of the Open University ?
A. It's open to everybody.
B. It requires no formal educational qualifications.
C. No university degree is awarded.
D. University courses are followed through TV, radio,
correspondence, oct.
7. In the
examination called "the 11 plus", students with academic potential go
to
A. grammar schools.
B. comprehensive schools.
C. public schools.
D. technical schools.
8. Which of
the following is NOT included in the National Curriculum ?
A. Children must study the subjects like English,
mathematics, science and so on.
B. Children must sit in A-level exams.
C. Children must pass national tests.
D. Teachers must teach what they are told.
9. Which of
the following is NOT true about the British education system ?
A. It's run by the state.
B. It's funded by the state.
C. It's supervised by the state.
D. It's
dominated by the state.
10.
Which of the following schools would admit children without reference to their
academic abilities
A. Comprehensive schools. B. Secondary schools.
C. Independent schools. D. Grammar schools.
1. What axe the purposes of the British education
system? Please comment on these purposes. What are the main purposes of the
Chinese education system ? Are there any differences or similarities in the
education of the two nations?
2. How does the British education system reflect
social class?
3. What
are the major changes that have taken place since World War II? Is British
education moving towards more PROGRESS or more equality? Pick up some examples
from the text to illustrate your points.
4. Why does the author
say that universities in Britain have been rather elitist?
5. What is the Open
University in Britain? What do you think of this system?
Test Paper Ten
II.
Fill in the Blanks:
1. Like the housing system in the
US and the wealthy English-speaking commonwealth, the UK has a very high
proportion of _______ , which
means that the people own the house they live in.
2. Banks finance people to buy
their own home through loans or _______ paid back over a period of 25 years.
3. In ascending order of cost and
status, the four main types of British home are _______,
_______,_______ and _______.
4. The "semis" and the
semi-detached houses are usually found in _______ areas; while the terraced houses are most commonly seen in
_______ areas.
5. Manual (or _______) workers would usually call
themselves working-class; while office ( or _______ ) workers would call themselves middle-class.
6. People who do unskilled
office-work and skilled well-paid manual work are likely to be described as_______ class.
7. A university teacher would
most probably read a newspaper like _______ while a manual worker would probably read _______.
8. _______ is the name used particularly to refer to the top two
universities in Britain: Cambridge and Oxford.
9. One distinctive feature about the class system in Britain is that it still retains a _______.
10. Most of the recent immigrants come from South Asian countries such as _______, Pakistan and Sri Lanka; and _______ countries such as Jamaica and Trinidad.
II.
Choose the correct answer from each of the following:
1. Which of the following
about the housing system in the UK is NOT true?
A. About 65% of
the homes are owned by the people who live in them.
B. Banks
finance people to buy the houses through loans and mortgage.
C. Most British
people would like to buy their own home,
D. There is no
public housing system in the UK.
2. Which of the following is true under Thatcher’s
administration?
A. The
proportion of owner-occupation decreased.
B. Public
housing became more important.
C. Many public
houses were sold to the people.
D, The UK
became more European-like in its housing arrangements.
3. Which of the following is NOT true about the
"flats"?
A. They are not
considered as the most desirable home.
B. They are often
in modem multistory buildings.
C. They are
often publicly owned,
D. All of them
are of low status and are very cheap.
4. Which of the following about the terraced houses is NOT
true?
A. They are
most common in suburban areas,
B. They are usually two-storey houses
joined at each side.
C. They often
have a small concrete yard at the back.
D. They were
originally built for factory workers.
5, Which of the following about the "semis" is
true?
A. They usually have
gardens at all side.
B. They normally
stand together in pairs.
C. They are usually
located in fashionable areas in the city.
D. They are
considered as the most desirable home by British people.
6. Which of the following about class system in the UK is NOT
true?
A. People of
different classes tend to read different kinds of newspaper.
B. Class-division is
only decided by people's income.
C. Though social
advancement is possible, class affects a person's life-chances.
D. The way people speak identifies themselves to particular
class.
7. Which of the following is NOT
characteristic of the hereditary aristocracy in the UK?
A. The noble titles
can b~ inherited by the children.
B. They usually own
historic houses in the country.
C. They are the
richest group of people in the UK.
D. The senior members
can be lords in the House of Lords.
8. Which of the following is NOT
true about life peers?
A. They are not from
the aristocratic families.
B. They cannot sit in
the House of Lords.
C. They earned their
titles through their outstanding achievement.
D. The rifles cannot
be inherited by their children.
9. Which of the following is NOT
an effect of the immigration on the British society?
A. There are now a
varied cuisine for people to choose.
B. Class tension has
been increased.
C. New forms of
popular music have emerged.
D. Different
religious beliefs have been practiced actively.
10. Which of the following is NOT a
true description of the situation of the ethnic minorities
in the UK?
A. They are
well-represented in the British parliament.
B. They are
economically poorer than the white population.
C. They are treated
unfairly by the justice system.
D. They are
threatened by some racist groups.
1. Why
does the author say that "the way the living arrangements of a society as
a whole are organized tells us something about that society"? How does the
housing in Britain reflect British society? Do you think it is also true in
China? Use the changes that have taken place in the housing in your hometown to
support your points.
2. What
are the four main types of home in Britain? How do they reflect the cost and
status of homes? What are some of the major types of home in China?
3. How
are people in the UK divided into different classes? What are some of the main
features in the division? Is the class system similar with the United States?
4. What
are some of the positive and negative effects of non-white immigrants on
British society according to the author? What is the general situation of
racial relations in the UK?
I.
Fill in the blanks:
1. Britain had many colonies in its _______ prime. Name two of the colonies
which still looked to Britain as the centre of their political and cultural
world: _______and _______.
2. When the Second World War was over,
Britain was active in _______
the United Nations and became one of _______
permanent members of _______.
3. The present foreign policy of
Britain is greatly influenced by its _______history and also by
its _______.
4. Britain' s special relationship with
_______is another major
factor which _______ the British foreign
policy.
5. Britain's physical isolation has
long been reduced by the development of _______ and more recently by the opening of _______, which links Britain to continental _______.
6. The general direction of Britain's
foreign policy is decided by _______ and _______.
7. The main government department such
as _______also involves in
making Britain's foreign policy.
8. According to the author, Britain is
a _______democracy, so the
government's foreign policy
in theory
represents the desires of its _______.
9. The Commonwealth was believed to be
set up as _______ for
continued cooperation and as
a sort of
support _______.
10. There are _______
members of the Commonwealth including _______
countries as well as_______ industrial
countries.
11. Britain spends more money on _______than most other developed nations
and it is
largest spender in the world and is ranked _______ in terms of its military power.
12. Britain is a member of _______ "club", maintaining an
extensive nuclear capability which makes it a little _______ brother to the nuclear _______.
13. As an outpost of an
American-controlled military _______, Britain hosts a large American military _______ as well as the NATO
14. Since Britain is a traditional sea power, it's not surprising that Britain has three or four nuclear-armed _______
II. Choose the correct answer from each of the
following :
1. The author holds that Britain had a
big influence on the postwar international order because
A. it used to be a great imperial
power.
B. it had a strong military power
and prestige.
C. it defeated Hitler' s army.
D. it got support from its former
colonies.
2. Which countries are the permanent
members of the UN Security Council?
A. France, China, Germany, Russia
and Britain.
B. the United States, France,
Britain, Germany and Russia.
C. China, Russia, France, Britain
and the United States.
D. China, Britain, France, United
States and Japan.
3. In its imperial prime, Britain ruled
A. a fourth of the globe.
B. a fifth of the world.
C. a third of the world.
D. two-thirds of the earth.
4. The present British foreign policy is
mainly influenced by the following factors except
A. its imperial history.
B. its geopolitical traits.
C. its special relationship with the
United States.
D. its schizophrenic attitude to
Europe.
5. Which of the following is NOT
involved in making the British foreign policy?
A. The Queen of Britain.
B. The Foreign and Commonwealth
Office.
C. The Prime Minister and Cabinet.
D. The Ministry of Defence and
the Treasury.
6. Nowadays the British foreign policy
is largely shaped by its participation in
A. the Commonwealth.
B. the European Economic
Community.
C. the United Nations, the
European Union, NATO, etc.
D. a European federal government.
7. Which of the following statements is
NOT true?
A. Britain hosts a large American
military force.
B. There are 63 American military
bases in Britain.
C. 63 American military bases are
under the command of Britain.
D. Britain is an outpost of an
American-dominated military bloc.
8. Which of the following countries does
NOT have nuclear weapons capabilities?
A. Britain
C. Italy
B. the United States
D. Russia
9. Three of the following factors have
contributed to a certain degree of Britain's special relationship with the
United States. Which is the exception?
A. Britain and the United
States share the general ideas in many respects.
B. They have common interests
in every respect.
C. They agree generally on
how the world economy should be managed.
D. They have
special links in culture.
10. Britain has its
nuclear naval force since
A. it's one of the developed countries in the world.
B. it's a traditional sea power.
C. it has an advanced industry.
D. it's able to produce
submarines.
1. What and how did the British empire end
? How did the British react to this reality ? How did the end of British
imperialism influence the psychology of the British and the making of Britain's
foreign policy ?
2. What are the foundations of Britain's
foreign policy ?
3. How is Britain's foreign policy made ? Does the
government's foreign policy represent the desires of British citizens ?
4. Why does the author say that the decision to
join the EC was and remains controversial in Britain?
5. Why does the author think that Britain
has the "special relationship" with the United States ? Does this
relationship still exist ?
6. what was the purpose of establishing
the NATO in the author' s opinion ? Do you agree ?
I. Fill in the
blanks:
1. Britain's three most popular
activities are _______, _______
and _______.
2. Britain has one of the world's
oldest established _______ industries.
The Observer, which
appeared in
1791, is the world's oldest _______ newspaper, while The Times, which
began
publishing in 1785, is Britain's oldest newspaper.
3. There are _______ different daily national
newspapers. Name two of them which are quite well-known in Britain as well as
in the world: _______.and _______.
4. The _______ press carry more serious and _______articles of
particular political and
social
importance. They are generally read by _______audience.
5. _______ is regarded as one of the quality papers in Britain.
6. The other category of national
newspapers is_______ which
are often called_______ press.
7. Officially speaking the
British newspapers are free from government _______and _______ and can print
what they like, but many British laws _______
the freedom of newspapers.
8. The BBC stands for_______. It's not only Britain's main
public service _______, but also serves as _______station.
9. The BBC has _______channels. BBC 1 entertains people with sports, drama,
current affairs, BBC 2 provides _______ with documentaries and shows.
10. The most left wing of quality
newspapers is _______ whose
readers show their interest in
_______
and in society and _______.
11. The News of the World, which
began publishing as a _______
in 1843, is considered as
one of _______.
12. _______ about business is not only printed at home but also
printed in other countries of the world.
13. The media are also affected by _______ a legal act which demands that all government information
is kept unless the government agrees.
14. The media have many _______. They provide people with _______ about political and social problems. They carry
advertising and also play an important role in _______.
II.
Choose the correct answer from each of the following:
1. Which of the following
is the world's oldest national newspaper ?
A. The
Times.
C. The Observer.
B. The
Guardian.
D. The Financial Times.
2. Which of the following is
the British oldest daily newspaper ?
A. The
Telegraph.
C. The News of the World.
B. The
Guardian.
D. The Times.
3. The
British media have many important functions. Which of the following is an
exception
?
A. They supply people with news, keeping them
informed about what is happening in
the world.
B. They make
huge profit by publishing advertisements.
C. They promote
culture and education.
D. They provide
entertainment.
4. A free press is considered
very important to the functioning of parliamentary democracy because
A. it plays a
watchdog function, keeping an eye on the government.
B. it informs
people about current affairs in the world.
C. it provides
people with subjective reports.
D. it publishes
short pamphlets for Parliament.
5. In Britain most advertising is
carded
A. in
newspapers.
C. in magazines.
B. on
television.
D. on radio.
6. Which of the following about
the BBC is NOT true ?
A. There is no
advertising on any of the BBC programmes.
B. The BBC is funded
by license fees paid by people who possess television receiving
sets.
C. The BBC has four
television channels.
D. The BBC provides
the World Service throughout the world.
7. How many newspapers are there
in Britain ?
A. 10
C. 150
B. 1400
D. 270
8. Which of the following
newspapers is printed internationally ?
A. The tabloids.
C. The Financial Times.
B. The News of the
World D. The
Observer.
9. Which of the following is a
quality paper ?
A. The News of the
World. C. The Tabloids.
B. The Guardian.
D. All of the
above.
10. Which of the following about the
tabloids is NOT true ?
A. They are big
format newspapers.
B. They are often
called ,'the gutter press".
C. They mainly deal
in scandals and gossip about famous people.
D. They carry stories
with color photos and catchy headlines.
1. The
author says that "the media are central to British leisure culture",
why does the author say so ? What are some of the similarities and differences
in terms of the function between the British media and the Chinese media ?
2. What are some of the characteristics of British
newspaper culture? In what way is it different from the United States ?
3. Is
the British press free from the government control and censorship? What is the
relationship between the British press and politics or business ?
4. How does the BBC
operate ? How is it different from American broadcasting systems ?
Test Paper Thirteen
1. Australia, as the World's _______ continent and . _______island, has a population which is_______ in relation to its size.
2. The flag of Australia is consisted
of three parts: the _______
is the symbol of Australia's historical link with _______; the seven-pointed star under the Union Jack represents the_______
and the _______; and
the _______ formed by the five stars on the
right is the dominant feature of the night sky in the southern hemisphere.
3.
Until 1984, _______ had been
Australia's national anthem. Then _______ a
song adapted from a late 19th century patriotic song of the same name, was used
to replace it as the national anthem.
4. _______ is the official language by _______ though it differs in terms of colloquialisms and slang and
accent from other forms of English.
5. Geologically, Australia can be divided into three parts: _______ , which is also know as the_______ , and which runs almost parallel to the eastern coast from northern Queens land to southern Tasmania; the _______, which extends from the Gulf of Carpentries in the north to _______ and the western Victorian coast; and the Great Western Plateau, which covers most of _______, much of the _______ and South Australia, and part of _______.
6. Australia has a population of about _______, most of which concentrates in
cities along the southeastern comer of the country, as the vast areas in the
center of the continent are _______ or _______unsuitable for _______. In
fact, Australia has the among the continents and as a result it is the driest
inhabited continent in the world.
7. Australia is one of the most highly _______ countries in the world with only
15 per cent of Australians live in rural areas.
8. Australia is a country of
immigrants. The first immigrants were _______ transported from England in _______. Since then,
especially after the W.W.II, immigrants from all parts of the world have come
to settle down in Australia, bringing with them their own cultures and helping
to transform Australia into a _______ society.
9. The _______ were the first inhabitants of Australia. They have lived
on the continent for 40 000 to 60 000 years. They lived on _______ and _______. Their lives
were strictly governed by laws and observances handed down from the _______.
10. Though Captain _______found and charted the eastern coast
of Australia in 1770, it was
not until _______ that
Britain sent its fast fleet to colonize the land. The eleven ships reached
Sydney on _______ which later became the
national day of Australia.
11. The
experiments in breeding _______laid
the foundation of Australia' s economic development.
12. On _______the six colonies, namely NSW, Victoria, Queens land, _______, _______ and Tasmania,
joined into a federation to form a new nation -- the Commonwealth of Australia.
13. By tradition, _______, _____ and _______ are widely regarded as Australian
national flora, faunal and bird emblems.
14. _______ and _______ became the national colors formally in 1984.
II. Choose the correct answer from each
group:
1. Which of the following
phrases cannot be used to describe the continent of Australia?
A. the smallest
continent
B. the largest
island
C. the highest
continent
D. the driest
continent
2. The first European
settlement on the continent began in
A. 1901
B. 1788
C. 1770
D. 1787
3. The sharp increase
in Australian population after W.W.II was partly because
A. a
large postwar immigration program was carried out.
B. the
Aboriginal people and the Torres Strait Islanders were not included in the
census before W.W.II.
C. more
British convicts were transported to Australia.
D.
Australian soldiers came back from the War.
4. The Australian
national day is set on January 26 to commemorate
A. the
founding of the Commonwealth of Australia.
B. the
discovery of the great southern 'unknown land'.
C. the
first European settlement of the continent.
D.
Captain James Cook s first voyage around Australia.
5. Australia is
divided into three geological parts. They are:
A. the
Great Dividing Range, NSW, and Tasmania.
B. the
Australian Alps, the Great Dividing Range and Western Australia.
C.
Northern Territory, South Australia and Tasmania.
D. the
Great Western Plateau, the Central Eastern Lowlands and the Eastern Highlands.
6. The European
settlement _______ Aboriginal
culture and society.
A.
devastated
B.
promoted the development of
C.
had no effect on
D.
brought prosperity to
7. In 1787,
Britain decided to colonize Australia because
A.
Captain Cook's account of his discovery was not interesting.
B.
Britain wanted to control the gold mines in Australia.
C.
Australia was an attractive place to English people.
D. Britain needed new places to
transport its criminals.
8. Convict
transportation to the mainland of Australia ended in
A. 1840.
B. 1855.
C. 1851.
D. 1901.
9. The Commonwealth
of Australia, a federation of the six former colonies as states, came into
being on
A. Jan.
18, 1788. B. Jan. 26,
1788. C. Jan.1, 1901. D. April 25, 1914.
Questions for
Thought
1. What are some of the general characteristics of
Australia in terms of land, people and culture?
2. What are the main structural features of
Australia?
3. Discuss the climate in Australia. What
are some of the major differences between Australia and China in terms of the
climate?
4. Why does the author say that Australia
is a multicultural society? What are some of the similarities and
dissimilarities between China and Australia in this respect?
5. What is the historical link with
Britain in Australian culture? Illustrate the point with four or five examples
from the text?
6. How did England colonize Australia?
7. Discuss the founding of the
Commonwealth of Australia?
8. What effects did European colonization
have on Australian Aboriginal people and their culture?
I. Fill in the
blanks:
1.
Australia has _______states, _______.internal territories and _______ external territories. The internal
territories are _______, _______ and
the Jervis Bay Territory.
2. The
smallest state is _______, an
_______ in the southeast comer of Australia.
It is also the _______ island in Australia.
3. The
Australia's government system and practices follow the Western political
tradition, especially those of _______ and _______.
4. There are _______ in the Australian government
system. The first tier is_______.
All matters of national interests are the
responsibility of the first tier. The second tier is _______. The third tier is _______.
5. The Constitution, which
came into force in _______,
can only be changed by _______.
6. The federal parliament is consisted of two parts: _______ , which is also called _______and _______ , which is also called _______There are 148 seats in _______ . They are allocated to each state according to the size of its _______.
7. The largest political parties in Australia are _______, _______, _______, and _______
II.
Choose the correct answer from each group:
1. The largest state in terms of
population is
A. Queens land.
B. New South Wales.
C. Western Australia.
D. Victoria.
2. The largest state in terms of
area is
A. Queens land.
B. New South Wales.
C. Western Australia.
D. Victoria.
3. The state that had the first
British settlement is
A. Queens land.
B. New South Wales.
C. Western Australia.
D. Victoria.
4. Australia also has external
territories in
A. the Arctic Ocean
and the Indian Ocean.
B. the Indian Ocean
and the Atlantic Ocean.
C. the Pacific Ocean
and the Atlantic Ocean,
D. the Indian Ocean
and the Antarctic.
5. The three-tier system of the government in the Australian
federation stands for
A. the
Australian Parliament and Government, the six state governments and their
legislatures and the local government bodies at the city, town, municipal and
shire level.
B. the
Australian Parliament, the federal government and the Executive Council.
C. the
Governor-General as the representative of the Queen, the Prime Minister heading
the Australian government and the ministers each heading a ministry.
D. the
Australian government, the six states governments and the territories
governments.
6. Which of the following sentences about the
Governor-General of Australia is NOT true?
A. The
Governor-General is the commander of the armed forces in Australia.
B. The Governor-General
can act without consulting the government.
C. The
Governor-General is the representative of the British Queen who is formally the
Queen
of Australia, too.
D. One of the duties
of the Governor-General is to summon, prorogue and dissolve
parliament.
7. The federal government
and the state governments are formed by
A. the party
chosen by the Governor-General.
B. the party
that has the most votes.
C. the party
that has the majority of the House of Representatives.
D. the party
that has the majority of the Senate.
8. Which of the following
states has a one-chamber parliament?
A.
Victoria
B. South Australian
C. Western
Australia
D, Queensland
9. Which of the following
was first adopted in Australia?
A. The
three-tier government system.
B. Secret
Ballots.
C. The
two-chamber parliament.
D. The public
services.
10. _______ is Australia's largest trading partner.
A. China B.
ASEAN countries
C. Britain
D. Japan
11. In which of the following
areas Australia and America have disagreements?
A. Trade
policies.
B. American
military presence in the Asian and Pacific region.
C. Establishing diplomatic relations with
P. R. China.
D. Australia's
membership in the UN Security Council.
12. Diplomatic relations between
Australia and China was established in
A. in the
1950s.
B. in the 1960s.
C. in the 1970s.
D. in the 1980s.
1. What
are the six states of Australia? What are some of the major similarities or
differences in terms of population, early settlement and economy in the six
states?
2. The
author states that "Australia' s political institutions and practices
follow the Western democratic tradition, reflecting British and North American
experience". Pick up some examples from the text to support this point.
3. Can
you point out some main differences between the Australian government system
and the British government system?
4. Why
do you think Australia is more and more aware of the importance of the
politically, economically and strategically significant countries of Asia and
the South Pacific?
I.
Fill in the blanks:
1.
Nearly 50 years
ago, the Australian economy depended heavily on _______. Today, the Australian economy is more _______,
_______and _______
generates two-thirds of its production.
2.
The Prices and
Incomes Accord agreement was signed between _______ and _______. Its aim was
to solve the dual problems of _______ and _______.
3. Australia is a key supplier of a lot
of agricultural products in the world market, including_______,
_______, _______ and _______
4. The major changes in the pattern of
Australian international trade include a_______ in the
rural
sector's share of total exports and an increase in the share of____, _______, _______and _______sector; a _______as a
trading partner and _______; diversification
of _______ and _______.
5. Britain's importance as a trading
partner has declined mainly because _______ and _______ thus bought
less Australian products.
6. As
the driest continent in the world, _______ is the major limitation to the development of Australian
agriculture.
7. Australia, as the world' s _______ of wool, exports most of its wool
production. The nigh quality wool mainly
comes from the _______ breed of sheep.
II.
Choose the correct answer from each group:
1. Which of the following
organizations Australia is NOT a member of?.
A. The European
Community
B. The United
Nations
C. The General
Agreements on Tariffs and Trade
D. The
Australia New Zealand Closer Economic Relations trade agreement
2. The rapid expansion of
secondary industry was brought about by
A. the increase
in wool production.
B. the demands
of World War II and a strong post-war immigration program.
C. the decline
in the current account deficit.
D. the growth
of its overseas markets.
3. The aim of the Prices
and Incomes Accord agreement was to
A. fix the wage
regardless of the change in price.
B. fix the
price at a certain level through a centralized system.
C. further
decrease the current account deficit
D. to tackle the dual problems of high unemployment and inflation.
4. The two important reasons for the decline of the rural sector's share of the export market are
A. infertile soils and lack of water for irrigation.
B. diversification of products and the expansion of export
markets.
C. the growing
importance of Japan as a trading partner and the decline in that of Britain's.
D. its dependence on
the British market and a decline in wool’s share of the textile market.
5. Since the
early 1960s, _______ has grown to be Australia's
largest trading partner.
A. Britain.
B. the European Community
C. Japan
D. China
6. Which of the following statement is
NOT correct?
A. Australia is the
world's largest producer and exporter of alumina.
B. Australia is the
world's largest producer and exporter of bauxite.
C. Australia is the
world's largest exporter of coal.
D. Australia is the
world's major exporter of uranium.
7. Which of
the following statements is correct?
A. Australia is the world's
largest producer and exporter of wool.
B. Australia is the world's
largest exporter of agricultural products.
C. Australia is the world's
largest producer and exporter of sugar.
D. Australia is the world's
largest producer and exporter of dairy products.
8. Which country/area is Australia's
largest export market for beef and veal?
A. Singapore.
B. The United States.
C. The Republic of Korea.
D. The Middle East.
9. Australia's three most important
field crops are
A. Cotton, barley, and
sugar-cane.
B. Grain legume, wheat and
cotton.
C. wheat, barley and sugar-cane.
D wheat,
sugar-cane and cotton.
10. _______ is the largest segment of the
Australian economy.
A. The primary industry.
B. The secondary industry.
C. The tertiary industry.
D. The food-processing industry.
11. The
largest manufacturing sector in Australia is
A. the
ship-building industry.
B. the
Australian aerospace industry.
C. the heavy
engineering industry.
D.
the Australian food-processing industry.
Questions for
Thought
1. What is the main change in the last 50 years in
Australia's economy? What are some of the major structural reforms and other
policy changes that have contributed to the success of Australia's economy in
the recent years?
2. What are some of the significant natural
resources in Australia?
3. Discuss the distinct change in the pattern of
Australia' s international trade in the last 25 years. What are the
characteristics of Australia's export and import patterns? What role does the
Australian government play in the trade?
4. What are some of the major limiting factors in
Australia for its primary industry? Have these limiting factors hindered
Australia's development in the primary industry?
5. The author believes that Australia has a dynamic
economy. What accounts for this according to the author? Do you agree with the
author? Do you think we can learn something from Australia's economic
development?
I. Fill in the
blanks:
1. There are two main types of school
in each state and territory system. They are _______and_______. Tuition is
free in _______ while most of the _______ charge fees.
2.
Pupils who cannot attend schools because of illness, disability and residential
isolation can take _______ In
addition, students living in isolated places can attend _______to have the experience of "classroom".
3.
Students can continue their education after secondary school in _______ as well as _______ where they can do _______, _______, _______and _______studies.
4. Though Australian arts can
find their roots in _______,
its own _______ and _______ , the influence of its _______ have all contributed to shape its distinctiveness.
5. _______, the government funding agency for the arts, spends more
than $50 million a year in support of specific art forms and central council
programs.
6. Henry Kendall, Australia's _______wrote about the_______.
7. Henry Lawson was Australia's
greatest _______, _______, _______ and _______. His short
stories described the Australian's relationship with his _______.
8. There are two national daily
newspapers in Australia. They are _______,
_______,_______ and _______ is the oldest newspaper in Australia.
9. _______ is a non-commercial national radio and television service.
_______ is its overseas service. The Special
Broadcasting Service is a non-commercial _______radio
and _______, _______ television service.
10. _______ is the Australian media's leading source of overseas news.
11. The only form of media
censorship is the _______,
which is observed by media proprietors on matters concerning _______.
12. _______ is Australia's universal health-financing system. It gives
all _______access to public hospital services.
However, _______are not usually entitled to
the benefits of the system.
13. People living in isolated
places can get medical help from _______ , which was started half a century ago. It gets findings
from the _______ and _______ as well.
14. Australia is widely
recognized as the _______ in
introducing_______ In 1909, it introduced _______
II.
Choose the correct answer from each group:
1. Schooling in Australia
between the ages of 6 and 15 is
A. free.
B. expensive.
C. compulsory.
D. optional.
2. Pupils who cannot go to
school due to illness, disability and residential isolation
A. have to be
taught by their parents.
B. have to
teach themselves.
C. cannot
receive any form of education.
D. can receive
education by taking correspondence courses.
3. TAFE is a form of
A. primary
education.
B. secondary
education.
C.
post-secondary education.
D. private
education.
4. Which of the following
writers established the early traditions of Australian writing?
A. Henry
Lawson
B. Henry
Kendall
C. Joseph
Furphy
D. Patrick White
5. _______ is the oldest newspaper in Australia.
A. The Sydney
Morning Herald
B. The
Australian
C. The Mercury
D. The
Australian Financial Review
6. The
Special Broadcasting Service is a
A.
non-commercial, multilingual radio and multicultural television service.
B. commercial,
multilingual radio and multicultural television service
C. commercial,
national service
D.
non-commercial, multilingual radio service
7. Radio
Australia is
A. a domestic
radio service in Australia
B. an
English-language international radio service
C. the overseas
service of the ABC
D. the overseas
service of the SBS
8. Which of the following organizations was started to provide medical help to people in remote and isolated places?
A. The Red
Cross Society
B. Medicare
C. The Royal
Flying Doctor Service
D. The National
Health and Medical Research Council
9. The aim of the National Campaign
Against Drug Abuse is
A. to ban the use of legal
and illegal drugs.
B. to ban the use of
illegal drugs.
C. to ban the use of
illegal drugs among young people.
D. to reduce the harm
caused by the misuse of legal and illegal drugs.
10. The sole parent pension is available
to
A. all single parents
B. single people caring for
children under 16 or recipients of the child disability allowance.
C. single parents divorced
with children under 16.
B. divorced or widowed old
women.
11. Which of
the following is NOT a part of the Australian social security programs?
A. Tertiary education
assistance.
B. Age pensions.
C. Pensions for war and
defense widows
D. The child disability
allowance.
Questions for
Thought
1.
Discuss the Australian education system. What are some of the features in the
system that are specifically Australian?
2. Find
out some examples from the text that demonstrate that Australian arts and
literature have their roots in Europe. Discuss the impact of Australia's own
history and culture on Australian arts and literature.
3.
What is Medicare
in Australia? Find out those particularly Australian health care practices.
4. What
are the main components of Australian social security programs? What do you
think of Australia's social services and health care?
I. Fill in the
blanks:
1. New Zealand is in the _______ Ocean. _______ is its nearest neighbour. The _______ and the _______ are its
two main land masses. They are separated by _______
2. The famous thermal region is on the _______ , and the Southern Alps runs
across the _______
3. Seasons in New Zealand are opposite
to the _______, with the
highest temperature in _______ and _______ and the lowest temperature in _______.
4. There had been no _______ except bats in New Zealand until
about 1 000 years ago. However, some
remarkable species of flightless birds had occupied the land and some of them
have survived to this day. Among them is _______,
the bird that has given New Zealanders their name since it is the national
symbol of the country.
5. Major ethnic groups in New Zealand,
in the order of population size, are_______, _______,
_______ , Chinese and Indian people.
6. The official languages in New
Zealand are _______ and _______ .
7. In 1893, New Zealand women were
given the _______. New
Zealand was the _______to grant it to women.
8. In 1975, the _______ was set up to receive complaints
from Maori people and to address the mistakes made in the past by the European
settlers.
9. The first settlers of New Zealand
were from _______, the
ancestors of today's Maori.
10. In 1840, Maori chiefs signed the _______ to keep their ownership of the _______, and in return, to give up the fight to govern to the_______.
This treaty is still a major issue in the
relationship between Maori and Pakeha.
II.
Choose the correct answer from each group:
1. The two main land
masses in New Zealand are
A. the
White Island and the thermal region.
B. the
North Island and the South Island.
C. the
Southern/kips and the North Island.
D.
Auckland and the South Island.
2. New Zealanders
have adopted their name from the kiwi,
A. which
is a native flightless bird
B. which
was the only mammal in New Zealand
C. which
was introduced to New Zealand about 1000 years ago
D. which
is an introduced flightless bird
3. Which of the
following factors does NOT contribute to New Zealand's environmental
achievement?
A.
Favourable geographic features.
B.
Low population.
C.
A late development of industry.
D.
The ozone hole over Antarctica,
4. New Zealand's
three largest ethnic groups in terms of population are
A. New Zealanders with European ancestry, Chinese and Maori
B.
Maori, Indian and people from the Pacific Islands
C.
New Zealanders with European ancestry, Maori and people from the Pacific
Islands
D.
People from the Pacific Islands, Maori and Chinese
5. Which of the
following statements is NOT true about Maori population?
A.
Maori women tend to have more children than non-Maori women.
B.
Non-Maori women tend to have children earlier than Maori women.
C.
Maori population is younger than the total population.
D.
Maofi population makes up nearly one-seventh of New Zealand's total population.
6. The Maori word
"Marae" means
A. Maori culture
B.
non-Maori or European
C.
protocol
D.
meeting house
7. The trust settlers
of New Zealand were
A.
voyagers from East Polynesia
B.
European navigators
C.
sealers and whalers
D.
Christian missionaries
8. In 1769,
visited New Zealand and claimed it for Britain.
A.
Abel Tasman
B.
James Cook
C.
Christian missionaries
D.
sealers and whalers
Questions for
Thought
1. What
are some of the distinct features of New Zealand's geography? Find out
similarities and differences in terms of geography between New Zealand and
Australia,
2. What
are the structural components of New Zealand's population? In what way are they
related to New Zealand's history?
3.
Discuss the Maori culture in New Zealand. Is it similar with the Aboriginal
culture in Australia?
4.
when did the first
European navigators arrive in New Zealand? How did New Zealand evolve to what
it is today?
5. How
has New Zealand avoided the air, water and land pollution problems of other
industrialized countries?
I.
Fill in the blanks:
1. The Head of State of New
Zealand is _______. She is
represented in New Zealand by a _______ whose
most important task is to call upon the leader of the _______ to form a government after an election.
2. As an independent state,
New Zealand is governed by an elected _______, which has only one chamber, _______。
3. The leader of the party
in power is the _______ of
the government. The Members of Parliament who
belong to the parties that are not in power are called the _______.
4. _______are officials working in government departments and
ministries whose appointments are independent of the political process.
5. Local government in New Zealand has three levels: _______, and _______.
6. The
largest school in New Zealand is the _______, which provides distance education for students who live
in isolated places or who cannot attend school for medical or other reasons.
7. New Zealand's largest
polytechnic is the _______.
It is also the largest education provider in New Zealand.
8. New Zealand's _______ is one of the largest fishing
areas in the world. The largest importers of New Zealand' s fishery products
are _______, _______ and Australia.
9. New Zealand's largest
export markets are_______, _______, the European Union and_______
10. New Zealand's major exports
are meat, _______, wood, _______,
_______ and fruit.
II
Choose the correct answer from each group:
1. The Head of State of New
Zealand is _______
A. the
Prime Minister
B. the
Governor-General
C. the
British monarch
D. the
Ombudsman
2. Which of the following
is NOT a function of parliament ?
A.
Enacting laws.
B.
Supervising the government's administration.
C. The
redress of grievances by receiving petitions.
D.
Forming a government.
: .
3. Public servants are officials working in government
departments
A. whose
appointments are independent of political process.
B. whose
appointments are determined by government ministers.
C. who
will lose their positions when the government changes.
D. who
are members of the party in power.
4. The three levels
of local government are
A.
regional councils, District Courts and community boards
B. the
High Court, District Courts and Dispute Tribunals
C.
regional councils, territorial authorities and community boards
D.
regional councils, city councils and community boards
5. Which of the
following is NOT one of the major exports of New Zealand?
A. Dairy
products.
B. Fish.
C. Wool.
D.
Oil.
6. Which of the
following is NOT one of the major imports of New Zealand?
A. Fruit.
B.
Machinery.
C.
Vehicles.
D.
Mineral fuels.
1. What are some of the similarities
between New Zealand, Australia and Britain in the government system? What are
some peculiar features in New Zealand's government system compared with
Australia or Britain?
2.
Discuss the characteristics of New Zealand's educational system. .
3.
Why does the author say that New Zealand s reputation as the world s
largest farm has been hard-won? In what way is New Zealand' s agriculture
similar with Australia?
4. The author says that New Zealand
lives by trade. Is the author justified by saying this? Is it true in Australia
and Britain?
英语国家社会与文化入门（下册）
I
Fill in the blanks:
1. In 1782, the Frenchman who settled
in Pennsylvania first asked the question "what is an American" in his
book_______.
2. The New World of America was peopled
as a result of two long-continuing immigration movements, the fast one_______ from _______ and the second from _______
and _______.
3. American Indians had developed three
brilliant civilizations before the Europeans arrived. These three civilizations
were _______, _______ and _______.
4. Columbus discovered the New World in
the year of ________
5. The English king claimed the
territory of North America based on the voyage of _______.
6. _______ was the first to start the Religious Reformation and the
next important leader of the Reformation was _______.
7. The first permanent settlement in
North America was established in today's _______ in the year of _______
8. The crop.
_______ that was transplanted from the West Indian
saved Virginia.
9. Lord Baltimore who set up the colony
of _______ was _______ in religion.
10. New England was founded by a group
of religious believers called _______ while Pennsylvania was planted by _______ who was a _______ in
religion.
II.
Choose the correct answer to each of the following questions:
1. Which of the following statements
was correct around the time of the American Revolution?
A. The American had the
mixed blood of Europeans or their descendants.
B. The American had the
mixed blood of Europeans with American Indians.
C. The American had the
mixed blood of Europeans with blacks.
D. The American had the blood of the English and their
descendants only.
2.
Which of the following was NOT one of the three forces that led to the
modern development of Europe?
A. The growth of capitalism.
~
B. The Renaissance.
C. The Religious
Reformation.
D. The spiritual leadership
of the Roman Catholic Church.
3. The
following were the main Reformation leaders except
A. Martin Luther.
B. Martin Luther King.
C. John Calvin.
D. The English King Henry VIII.
4. The
following were some of the characteristics of Protestantism except
A. challenging the
authority of the Pope.
B. salvation through faith.
C. salvation through the
church.
D. establishing a direct contact with God.
5. Which of
the following American values did NOT come from Puritanism?
A. separation of state and
church.
B. respect of education.
C. intolerant moralism.
D. a sense of mission.
6. Lord
Baltimore's feudal plan failed because
A. there were more
Protestant than Catholics in Maryland.
B. the wilderness of the
continent made the plan impossible.
C. there was plenty of land
while labor was scarce.
D. the English king did not
like the plan.
7. The
following were the founding fathers of the American Republic except
A. George Washington.
B. Thomas Jefferson.
C. William Penn.
D. Benjamin
Franklin.
8. The
theory of American politics and the American Revolution originated mainly from
A. George Washington.
B. Thomas Jefferson.
C. John Adams.
D. John Locke
9. Which of
the following was NOT a denomination of Protestantism?
A. Catholics.
B. Puritans.
C. Quakers.
D. Church of England.
10. "No
taxation without representation" was the rallying cry of
A. the settlers of
Virginia.
B. the people of
Pennsylvania.
C. the colonists in
New England.
D. the people of the
13 colonies on the eve of the American Revolution.
1. What is an American? Comment on the answer to
the question by Crevecoeur.
2. How did modern development in Europe influence
the settlement of North American colonies?
3. What was the unique American phenomenon ? How
did it come into being? Do you think it still exists in today's American society?
4. In what way did Puritanism influence American
culture?
5. How is it that American development was
characterized with capitalism from the very beginning? Why do you think the
feudal system failed in early America?
6. Comment on the Holy Experiment by William Penn.
7. What were some of the causes of the American
Revolution? Explain the Declaration of Independence.
I.
Fill in the blanks:
1. After the War of Independence
was won, the national government was called _______, and the agreement that guided the government was _______.
2. The city where the Declaration
of Independence was signed and where the U.S. Constitution was made is _______.
3. The Constitutional Convention
was held in the year of _______
and the president of the Convention was _______.
4. The Constitution set up a
federal system with _______
5. A federal system is one in
which _______ is shared
between _______and
_______with some rights reserved to
each.
6. The U.S. federal government consists of the following three branches: _______, _______ and _______
7. The Congress is divided into _______ with _______ members who serve two-year terms, _______and _______ with lawmakers
who serve six-year terms.
8. Groups who try to persuade
Congressmen to vote for or against a bill are known as _______
9. The Supreme Court is composed
of _______ chief justice and
~ associate justices.
II.
Choose the correct answer of the following questions:
1. Which of the following
statements was NOT correct? When the War of Independence was over,
A. each
new state had its own government.
B. each
new state made its own laws and handled all of its internal affairs.
C. the
national government was called the Congress with little power.
D. the
relationships between the states and the national government were clearly
defined.
2. According to the author, the Articles of Confederation failed because of the following reasons. Which is not true?
A. The
new states did not cooperate with the Congress or with each other.
B. Some
new states wanted to be free from the Union.
C. The
Congress could not raise money to pay the national army and to pay debts owed
to
France and other nations.
D. The
Congress had no power to tax any citizen.
3. Which of the following states refused to participate in the
Constitutional Convention?
A.
Virginia.
B. Rhode
Island.
C. New
York.
D.
Maryland.
4. Which of the following
statements was NOT correct? When the Constitution was written,
A. there
was a Bill of Rights in the Constitution.
B. there
was no Bill of Rights.
C. The
Constitution did not have any words guaranteeing the freedoms or the basic
rights
and privileges of citizens.
D. a
"Bill of Rights" was added to the Constitution 4 years after the
Constitution was
made.
5. Which of the following
is the only branch that can make federal laws, and levy federal
taxes?
A. The
executive. B. The
legislative. C. The
Judicial. D. The
president.
6. Which of the following
is NOT a power of the president?
A. The
president can veto any bill passed by Congress.
B. The
president has the authority to appoint federal judges when vacancies occur.
C. The president can make laws.
D. The president has broad powers, with the executive branch, to issue
regulations and directives regarding the work of the federal departments.
7. The Bill of Rights
consists of
A. 10 very
short paragraphs in an amendment.
B. 10
amendments adopted in 1787.
C. 10
amendments added to the Constitution in 1791.
D. the amendments concerning the freedom of speech, the
freedom of the press and the freedom of religion.
8. Which of the
following is NOT guaranteed in the Bill of Rights?
A. The freedom of religion.
B. The freedom of searching a person's home by police.
C. The freedom of speech and of the press.
D. The right to own weapons if one wishes.
9. The
following were NOT written into the Constitution in 1787 except
A. the Bill of Rights.
B. the judicial review.
C. the political party system
D. the powers of the president.
10. The New Deal was
started by
A.
Franklin Roosevelt.
B. J.F. Kennedy.
C.
George Washington.
D.
Thomas Jefferson.
1. Why did the Articles of Confederation fail? Was it necessary to change the Articles of Confederation and write a new constitution for the new nation of the United States at the time?
2. What is a federal system? What are some of the
major differences between a federal system and a confederation?
3. What are some of the major powers of each of the
three branches of the U.S. government? How are the three branches supposed to
check and balance each other?
4. What is the Bill of Rights? Do you think that it
was necessary to write the Bill of Rights explicitly into the U.S.
Constitution?
5. What are the two political parties in the United
states? Do you think they are fundamentally different?
I. Fill in
the blanks:
1. The first Secretary of
Treasury of the United States was _______.
2. When starting a business
or launching new ventures, money was needed. That money was known as _______
3. One advantage of
corporation over sole proprietorship and partnership is that it has _______so investors risked only the amount
of their investment and not their entire assets.
4. The best-known stock
exchange is _______ located
in _______ area of New York City.
5. A great economist in the
Industrial Revolution Era was an Englishman named _______.
6. The Constitution of The
United States bars all kinds of internal _______, so manufacturers do not have to worry about _______ when shipping goods from one part of the country to
another.
7. _______ and its related industries serve as the foundation of
American economic life, accounting for a larger portion of the United States'
GNP (_______ ) than any other endeavor.
8. About one-third of the
cropland in the United States is planted in crops destined for _______ to Europe, Asia, Africa and Latin
America. Agricultural import lags far behind, leaving a _______ in the agricultural balance of trade.
9. A period of economic
difficulty began in the early 1980s. Agricultural exports _______partly due to the high value of the
US dollar (which _______the cost of American
products to foreign buyers.)
10.
Another problem with agriculture is that critics accuse both corporate and
family farmers of damaging the_______. Since the 1940s, American farmers have multiplied their
use of _______ and _______designed to kill weeds and insect pest and to protect
against crop diseases.
II. Choose the
correct answer to the following questions:
1. The first factory in the
United States was a cotton textile mill in Pawtucket, in the state of
A. New York B. Rhode
Island C.
Connecticut
D. Georgia
2. The "American
system" of mass production was first used in
A. car industry B. textile
industry
C. firearms industry D. agriculture
3. The United States had the
first standard paper currency in _______.
A. 1839 B.
1880
C. 1863
D. 1913
4. The United States was rated
No. 1 in terms of production capacity in the world _______.
A. in 1920 B. in 1950 C. in 1945 D. in 1960
5. Service industry does not
include _________
A. banking B. management
consultation
C. airline
D. steel making
6. The United States was rated _______ in the world in terms of land area
and the size of population.
A. second B. third C. fourth D. fifth
7. The United States produces as much as half of the world' s
A. wheat and
rice B. cotton C. tobacco and vegetable oil D. soybeans and corn
8. Institutional factors that
contributed to the success of American business and industry include
A.
laissez-faire B. bountiful
resources C. vast dimensions D. entrepreneurial spirit
9. _______
have extolled the virtues of farmers.
A. Thomas
Jefferson B. Alexander
Hamilton C. Adam Smith D. Eli Whitney
10. The latest technology that farmers
have adopted is
A. artificial
fertilizers B.
pesticide C.
tractors D.
computers
1. Do you agree that "cultivators of the earth
are the most valuable citizens"? Give your reasons.
2. It is known to all that buying and selling
stocks is a risky business. Why do you think there are still so many people
involved in it?
3. Give
examples of industries which are declining, and industries which are fast
developing in the United States.
I. Fill in the blanks:
1. "WASP, stands for _______.
2. The Great Awakening of the
1740s tried to breathe new Feeling and strength into religion, and cut across
the lines of
3. According to John Locke, the
right to govern comes from an agreement or _______ voluntarily entered into by free people.
4. _______ believes that reason teaches that God exists but leaves
man free to settle his own affairs.
5. The majority of the Catholics
in the U.S. are descendants of immigrants from _______, _______ and Poland.
6. Prayer and Bible reading in
public schools in the U.S. are _______.
7. The Three Faiths in the U.S.
refer to _______, _________ and _______
8. According to the text, in
England, _______ percent of
the people except Catholics go to church less than once a month; in Sweden _______go to church at all. Yet _______of American Protestants are active church members.
9. Freedom of religious belief or non-belief is
provided in the _______in the U.S. Constitution.
10. The first Catholic president
in the U.S. was _______ _______.
II. Choose the
correct answer to each of the following questions:
1. Which of the following
was NOT a Protestant denomination?
A. The Baptists.
B. The Catholics.
C. The Methodists. D. The
Presbyterians.
2. Which of the following
is unconstitutional in the United States?
A. Catholics
can build their own schools and hospitals.
B.
Non-Catholics can go to Catholic-run schools.
C. Public money
is provided to support religious schools.
D. Women have
the right to abortion.
3. Which of the following
is NOT regarded as one of the three basic religious beliefs?
A.
Protestant.
B. Catholic. C. Islamic. D. Judaism.
4. Which of the following
is true?
A. Many
Catholics are not opposed to abortion.
B. Many
evangelical Protestants do not object to abortion.
C. Orthodox
Jews are for abortion.
D. Liberal
Protestants and Jews join non-believers in maintaining that abortion is a basic
right
for women.
5. Which of the following
continues to have an all-male clergy?
A. The Catholic
Church.
B. The Protestant
Episcopal Church.
C. The United
Methodist Church.
D. Jewish Congregations.
6. The
following are distinctively American features of religion except
A. Various
religious groups have coexisted in the U.S. more harmoniously than Europe.
B. Scientific and economic advance and material
prosperity have not been accompanied
by a
decline in religious faith.
C. There has
been little concentration on doctrine or religion argument in the U. S.
D. There has
been very much concentration on doctrine or religious argument in the U.S.
7. In the
United States, people go to church mainly for the following reasons except
A. for finding
a job in society.
B. for having a
place in a community.
C. for
identifying themselves with dominant values.
D. for
getting together with friends.
8. Which of
the following statements is NOT correct according to the author?
A. American
mainstream culture is based on Protestantism.
B. Protestant
Church is an established church by law in the U.S.
C. The Catholic
Church is the largest single religious group in the U.S.
D. The largest
church is of the Protestant faith in the U.S.
1. In what way do you think that religious freedom
was a historical necessity in the United States?
2. What is the relationship between government and
religion in America?
3. What promotes the diversity in American
religion?
4. What are some of the features in religion that
are particularly American? What are some of the major differences between
American religion and religion in Europe?
I. Fill in
the blanks:
1. _______ and _______ are the two
major writers of the post-Revolutionary period.
2. "The Masque of the Red Death"
and "The Fall of the House of Usher" were stories Written by _______.
3. In 1852, a New England
woman named Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote a novel titled_______, which intensified the political debate on slavery.
4. Mark Twain's _______ is considered the greatest novel
in American literature.
5. Henry James' major works
include _______ and _______. His works often described Americans living in _______.
6. Upton Sinclair's novel _______exposed the horrible lives of
meat-packing factory workers.
7. Ezra Pound's poetry is
famous for _______, the use
of strong, concrete images.
8. T.S. Eliot's long poem _______ revealed a pessimistic view of
post-World War I society. He dominated the so-called _______movement in poetry.
9. After World War I, many
novelists produced literary works of disillusionment. Some of them lived abroad
and were known as the" _______"
10. F. Scott Fitzgerald's novel _______was about youth's golden dream
turning to disappointment.
11. Name three novels written by
Ernest Hemingway: _______, _______ and _______.
12. Thee Sound and the Fury was written by _________, whose prose style was
experimental.
13. Name two plays written by
Eugene O'Neill: _______ and _______.
14. John Steinbeck' s The Grapes
of Wrath was a portrait of a poor family during the period of _______.
15. Richard Wright wrote the
novel _______, and Ralph
Ellison wrote the novel _______.Both were _______ writers.
16. The representative work of
the "Beat Generation" was Alan Ginsberg's poem _______.
17. _______ won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1993, the first Afro-American writer to receive this honor. Two of her best novels are _______ and _______.
II.
Choose the correct answer to each of the following questions:
1. Which of the following
was a writer of the post-Revolutionary period?
A. Edgar Allan Poe B. Natty Bumppo
C. Washington Irving D. Rip Van Winkle
2. Which of the following is considered an American
masterpiece?
A. The Last of
the Mohicans
B. The Legend of the Sleepy Hollow
C. "The
Masque of the Red Death" D.
Moby Dick
3. Which of the following was written by Thoreau?
A. Nature B. Walden C. The Scarlet Letter D. The Fall of the House of Usher
4. Whitman's
poetry has the following characteristics except
A. fragmented
haunting images
B. long irregular lines
C. celebrating
the American spirit D.
free-flowing structure
5. Mark
Twain's works are characterized by the following except
A. sense of
humor B.
egotism C.
jokes D.
tall tales
6. Three of the following
are characteristics of Emily Dickinson' s poems. Which one is not?
A. Her poems
mix gaiety and gloom.
B. Her verses
are filled with the names of faraway, exotic places.
C. Her poems
are very long and powerful.
D. Her poems show that she was fascinated by both life and
death.
7. _______ was mainly interested in writing
about Americans living in Europe.
A. Henry
James B. Mark
Twain C. William Dean
Howells D. Stephen Crane
8. _______ is NOT included in the group of
naturalists.
A. Sherwood
Anderson
B. Stephen
Crane
C. Jack London
D. Theodore Dreiser
9. Three of
the following authors are Nobel Prize winners. Which one is not.
A. Ernest
Hemingway
B. Eugene
O'Neill
C. William
Faulkner
D. F. Scott
Fitzgerald
10. _______ does NOT belong to the "Lost Generation".
A. John Dos
Passos
B. Ernest
Hemingway
C. F. Scott
Fitzgerald
D. John Steinbeck
11. _______ was NOT written by Hemingway.
A. Light in
August
B. The Sun Also
Rises
C. A Farewell
to Arms
D. For Whom the
Bell Tolls
12. Which of the following is NOT
a black author?
A. Richard
Wright
B. Alan
Ginsberg
C. James
Baldwin
D. Ralph
Ellison
13. The following authors were
women writers who wrote novels in the late 19th and early 20th century with the
exception of________
A. Emily
Dickinson
B. Edith
Wharton
C. Willa
Cather
D. Kate
Chopin
14. The
following writers represent new American voices except.
A. Toni Morrison
B. Alice Walker
C. T. S. Eliot
D. Maxine Hong Kingston
1. What is the main theme in American literature
according to the author? How does the author illustrate his point?
2. What theories does Ralph Emerson explain in his
essays? Why are they so influential?
3. Why is Walt Whitman considered one of the most
important poets in America?
4. Why did Mark Twain win so many readers both at
home and abroad?
5. What are some of the major themes in novels
written by the "Lost Generation" ?
I.
Fill in the blanks:
1. About ________.percent of American students go to ________ schools and _________
percent attend private schools.
2. The Puritans introduced
_________ education for all
children and public taxation for________ in
the 17th century.
I
3. The goal of education in
the United States is to achieve universal __ and provide individuals with________ and ________necessary to promote the welfare for individuals and the
general public.
4. Every state in America
has its own laws about ________and all states require young people
to. ________. Thus, every child in America is
guaranteed up to ________ years of education.
5. Every year more than ________ million students graduate from
secondary schools, only about ________ million
students go on for________.
6. Public and private
colleges depend on three sources of income: ________, endowments and ________
7. Some colleges in America are small and
others are large. A small one has fewer than ________students, but a large university has a total enrollment of
________ students.
8. After earning a certain
number of credits (about 120) in four years of college, the undergraduate
student gets a_______ degree.
The other two higher degrees are________ and ________.
9. The Servicemen's Readjustment Act promised to give financial aid to ________ after the end of World War II.
10. Some of the programs to
equalize educational opportunities for all groups were
called________
11. About 25% of all schools of
higher education in America are privately operated by ________.
II.
Choose the correct answer to each of the following questions:
1. Which of the following subjects are NOT
offered to elementary school students?
A.
Mathematics and languages.
B.
Politics and business education.
C.
Science and social studies.
D.
Music and physical education.
2. The expenditure in
American public schools is guided or decided by __
A.
teachers
B. students
C.
headmasters
D. boards of education
3. In the United States
school systems, which of the following divisions is true?
A.
Elementary school, grammar school.
B.
Elementary school, junior high school.
C.
Elementary school, secondary school.
D. Junior
high school, senior high school,
4. Which of the following
is NOT mentioned in American higher education?
A.
Universities and colleges
B.
Research institutions
C.
Technical institutions
D.
Undergraduate institutions
5. Three of the following
factors have contributed to the flourishing of large universities in America,
which is the exception?
A. Large universities offer the best
libraries and facilities for scientific research.
B. Large universities provide students
with "mainframe" computers.
C. Large universities offer scholarships
to all students.
D. Large universities attract students
with modem laboratories.
6. Nearly all students want
to get into more desirable institutions because________
A. they
find it easy for them to get jobs after having graduated from one of them
B. they
enjoy the high prestige of these institutions
C. they like the teachers and
surroundings in these institutions
D. they
prefer to have the Scholastic Aptitude Tests
7. In
order to go to university, secondary school students must meet the following
requirements except that
A.
they have high School records and recommendations from their teachers
B.
they make good impressions during the interviews
C.
they get good scores in the Scholastic Aptitude Tests
D.
they pass the college entrance examinations ..
8. Three of the following
universities have large endowments from wealthy benefactors. Which is the
exception?
A.
Harvard University
B.
the State University of New York
C.
Yale University
D.
Princeton University
9. Both public and private
universities depend on the following sources of income except
A.
investment
B. student tuition
B.
endowments
D. government funding
10. To get a bachelor’s
degree, an undergraduate student is required to do the following except
A. attending lectures and complete assignments
B. passing examinations
C. taking certain subjects such as history, language and philosophy
D. earning a certain number of credits at the end of the four years at
college
1. What is the goal of education
in the United States? Discuss the similarities and differences in Great
Britain, the United States and China concerning the goals of education.
2. How did American education
begin to develop?
3. What do you think some of the
characteristics in education that are particularly American?
I.
Fill in the following blanks:
1. On
February 1, 1960, 4 black students from a black college in ________ , North Carolina, began their
protest against the racial segregation laws by such tactics as ________, thus beginning the civil rights movement.
2. The
civil rights movement, together with ________ and ________during the
1960s had been deeply rooted in U.S. history.
3. Those who worked in the civil rights
movement included________ ,
black and white young
people,
and_______ ________
and some housewives.
4. When the civil rights movement
began, ________direct action
tactics like________
"and were used to protest segregation laws. Later, anti-war
activists added to educate people about the war in Vietnam.
5. According to a professor of history,
all social movements have two basic characteristics : ________ and ________
6. The spontaneous action of nonviolent
civil disobedience of ________,
was believed to be the true beginning of the civil rights movement.
7. The strongest leadership of the
civil rights movement came from the ________ , the other being________
and ________
8. In the summer of 1963, hundreds of
thousands of peaceful demonstrators marched to Washington, D.C., where ________ gave the famous ________
speech.
9. Contrary to King's nonviolent
tactics________ spoke in
favor of black separatism and against nonviolence in fighting racial
discrimination.
10. In 1964, ________ signed into law the Civil Rights Act passed by Congress to
improve the racial relations.
II.
Choose the correct answer to the following questions:
1. Black Americans sang the anthem of
the civil rights movement," ________ " affirming their
commitment
to fight racial prejudice.
A. "Let it all hang
out." B.
"Hell, no, we won't go."
C. "We Shall
Overcome" D.
"Speak your heart without interruption"
2. The
most notorious terrorist group against black civil rights workers in the South
was known as ,
A. the Black
Muslims B. Federal Bureau of
Investigation
C. Student
for A Democratic Society
D. Ku Klux Klan
3. The
reason why many young people were involved in the social movements of the 1960s
was that
A. they
resented traditional white male values in U.S. society
B. they love
America so much
C. they
thought they knew better than their teachers
D. they
viewed the adult world with grave doubt
4. In
addition to such tactics as sit-ins, young students also added________ to educate people about the war in
Vietnam.
A.
teach-in B. rock 'n' roll
music C. class boycott D. "march
against fear"
5.
According to the author, three civil rights groups provided the leadership, the
tactics, and the people to fight against Southern segregation. Which is the
exception?
A. the
Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee
B. the
Congress of Racial Equality
C. the
Southern Christian Leadership Conference
D. the Student
for a Democratic Society
6. A
historic moment of the civil rights movement was the March on Washington of
August 28,1963 when delivered his "I Have a Dream" speech.
A. John F. Kennedy B.
President Johnson
C. Martin Luther
King,Jr. D. Mario Savio
7. In
January 1965, President Johnson declared to eliminate poverty "by opening
to everyone the opportunity to live in decency and dignity."
A. war against Vietnam B. war against poverty
C. war
against Japan
D. New Frontier program
8.
Unlike Martin Luther King, ________ the chief spokesperson of Black Muslims advocated violence
in self defense and black pride.
A. Malcolm X B. Stokeley Carmichael C. Ella Baker D. James Farmer
9.
During the early stages of the civil rights movement, the major integration
strategy initiated by the Congress of Racial Equality was known as to integrate
interstate buses and bus stations in the South.
A. free
speech B. sit-ins at
lunch counters
C. teach-ins
at interstate train stations D. freedom rides
10. Due to his firm belief in
nonviolent peaceful protest in the spirit of India's leader Gandhi,.
was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964.
A. John F. Kennedy B. James Farmer C. Ella Baker D. Martin Luther King, Jr.
11. The one group within the counter
culture best known for their pursuit of happiness as their
only
goal in life was called
A. the
"Hippies" B. the
"Beat Generation"
C. the
"Me Generation" D. the "Lost
Generation"
12. In the 1960s, feminism was reborn.
Many women were dissatisfied with their lives, and in 1963, with the
publication of ________
by ________ , they found a voice"
A. The Feminine
Mystique, Betty Friedan
B. Profiles in
Courage, John F. Kennedy
C. The Other America,
Michael Harrington
D. Catcher in the
Rye, J. D.Salinger
1. What were the major social movements of the
1960s? And what was the historical background of the social movements of that
decade?
2. Who were the participants of the social
movements of the 1960s?
3. What are the basic characteristics of a social
movement?
4. The black political movement that began as a
force for integration changed course in the mid-1960s and began to emphasize
black uniqueness and even black separatism. What caused this transformation?
5. Draw analogies between the black revolution and
the women's movement. What common assumptions do they share?
6. What are the legacies of the social movements of
the 1960s? What are their effects, positive and negative, upon contemporary
U.S. society?
I.
Fill in the blank:
1. American society is a stratified one
in which ________, ________,
and ________are unequally distributed among the population.
2. The largest of the racial and ethnic
minorities in the United States is ________ who make up
about________ percent of the population.
3. Former President ________said that crime is America's
"number one enemy."
4. Name two of the illegal acts by the
FBI: ________ and ________.
5. Name two of the illegal acts by the
CIA: ________and ________.
6. The dominant group in American
society that has taken control of economic assets and political power from the
beginning of the nation is________.
7. American slavery was finally
abolished by________, ________
and ________.
8. After the abolition of slavery, many
states ________to keep the
races apart in schools, housing, restaurants and public facilities, and kept
blacks in the lowest-paid jobs.
9. Those arrested for crimes are
disproportionately likely to be ________, ________, and a________ city resident.
10. ________ had tested variety of drugs, including LSD, on many people
who were unaware that they were being used as ________ and had caused several deaths in the process.
II
Choose the correct answer to each of the following questions:
1. Which of the following is NOT
true ?
A. Slavery was mainly
in the South.
B. Racial
discrimination existed throughout the United States in American history.
C. Racial segregation
after the Civil War existed only in the South.
D. Racial segregation
existed throughout the U. S. after the Civil War.
2. Three of the following changes
among many, blacks took place after the 1960s. Which of them is NOT true?
A. Blacks felt more
and more confident that they would be fully integrated into the mainstream of
American life.
B. Blacks felt that
the black community ought to coexist with other groups.
C. Blacks felt that ',black is beautiful."
D. Blacks felt more
and more proud of themselves.
3. In the 1970s, although the income Of
the black family increased greatly, the total
black-white income gap was widened.
Which of the .following was the main factor
contributing
to this situation?
A. More white
families moved into high-paying jobs,
B. Blacks had low
positions and low pay in the workplace hierarchy.
C. There were more
children in black families.
D. White families had
increased their authority over others.
4. Three of the following
factors contribute to the higher arrest rates among minority groups. Which is
the exception?
A. The
aggressive nature of these groups.
B. Racial
prejudice against them.
C. Low social
status of these groups.
D. Poverty and
unemployment among minority groups.
5. Which of the following does
NOT belong to the white-collar crime?
A. bribery
B. tax evasion
C. false
advertising
D. robbery
6. Which of the following statements is
NOT true?
A. The Northern
states had outlawed slavery by 1830.
B. Slavery was
finally abolished in the South in 1865.
C. The Northern
states did not have racial discrimination.
D. Segregation laws
continued to be enforced in Southern states until the 1950s.
7. Drug abuse in the United
States is a social problem because it has a wide range of social costs. Which
of the following is NOT a dysfunction caused by drug abuse ?
A. There is a strong
association between drug use and crime.
B. Drug dependence
takes a significant toll in terms of personal health and safety.
C. Drug abuse is a
major cause of unemployment.
D. There are great
economic losses because of drug abuse.
8. If white-collar crimes were included
in the Crime Index and if authorities were more vigorous in their enforcement
of law, the profile of a typical criminal in the United States would be
A. older
B. wealthier
C. whiter
D. living near city centers
9. Which of
the following used human beings as guinea pigs to test drugs including LSD ?
A. The FBI.
B. The CIA.
C. Congress.
D. Richard Nixon.
1. The author says that the United States was
founded on the principle of human equality, but in practice the nation has
fallen far short of that ideal. Illustrate this point with what you have
learned from this book.
2. Use examples from this text to support the
author's argument that American society is a stratified one, in which power,
wealth and prestige are unequally distributed among the population.
3. Discuss the origins, development and current
situation of the black-white relations in the United States.
4. What does poverty mean in the United States ?
Why is poverty a social problem in America?
5. Why does the drug issue always excite the strong
emotion among Americans? Why is it perceived as a major threat to American
society ?
6. Why is crime "the number one enemy" in
the United States ?
7. What is the profile of a typical criminal
according to the reports by the FBI? Why is it so ? If the white-collar crime
is included, and if the authorities are more vigorous in their enforcement of
law, what changes will take place in the profile of a typical criminal ? Why?
Pick up some examples from the text to show how the government and corporations
have abused power in the United States.
I.
Fill in the blanks:
1 ". The invention of the ________ by ________made it possible to
obtain higher profits from
agriculture. US agriculture was moving away from subsistence fanning
towards a food marketing enterprise.
2. The ________ family made significant contribution in the history of
transportation.
3. The inventor of the telegraph codes
was________.
4. Before telegraph was invented, ________ was used in the Wild West for
transmitting messages.
5. Among the things that Thomas Alva
Edison invented are: electric bulb ________and ________ circuit.
6. According to the theory of James
Clerk Maxwell, light and sound Were ________, which
could
be transmitted over the distance. This was the basis for the invention of________.
7. In the post World War I age,
commercial radio served many functions. In the countryside,
radio
provided ________ and ________;
For the urban newcomers, the radio served to
connect
them with neighbors; Radio was also beginning to become a chief media
for________ for consumer goods.
8. Name some household inventions in
the mid-20th century which led to easier life for housewives: ________,
9. The central part of a computer where
the transistors are incorporated together with no
wiring
is called
10. When computer was fast invented, it
was mainly meant for ________;
Few people realized that today the
most widespread use of PC would be for ________ and
________
II Choose the correct answer to each
of the following:
1. According to the author, the
person who was to be credited with developing the "American system of
production" in the early nineteenth century was
A. Eli Whitney B.
John H Hall C. Thomas Edison D. Henry Ford
2. Cyrus H McCormick invented.
A. the electric
bulb B. the
revolver C, the
mechanical reaper D. the railroad
3. ________
led to the end of the Pony Express System.
A. Telephone B.
Telegraph C. Railroad D.
Steamboat
4. ________
had the title "the Wizard of Menlo Park".
A. Thomas A Edison B. John Stevens C. Charlie Chaplin D. Robert Fulton
5. ________
contributed to the development of the American system of manufacture in the
twentieth
century.
A. James K
Maxwell B. Cyrus H
McCormick C. Lee De Forest D. Henry Ford
6, When was voice and music first
transmitted over the radio?
A. 1901 B. end of 19th century C. New Year's Eve 1905 D. Christmas Eve 1905
7. When did the first commercial
radio station began broadcasting?
A. 1910 B, 1920 C, 1930 D. 1916
8. Which of the following
invention facilitated the out-migration - movement into suburban locations?
A.
automobile B. electric lawn
mower C. mechanical reaper D. telephone
9. Which invention marked
the beginning of "The Age of Visual Information"?
A.
newspaper
B. telegraph
C. laundry machine
D. television
10. ________ made the first desktop PC.
A. Bill
Gates
B. IBM
C. Two young amateur
inventors D. Apple Computers
11. ________ made the first liquid propellant rocket.
A. Robert H Goddard B. Nazi Germany
C. J. Robert Oppenheimer D. US military
12. ________ invented the telephone.
A. Samuel
F.B.Morse B. Alexander Graham Bell
C. Thomas Alva
Edison D.
Reginald Fessenden
1. What role does technology play in our lives?
Does it only provide new conveniences or does it sometimes change our life
style? Give examples from the text to illustrate your ideas.
2. What do you think is the greatest invention so
far? Why?
3. Why does the author emphasize that the invention
of one technology has to be supported by a number of related technologies which
form a supporting system? Give examples.
4. Why are solitary, possibly eccentric inventors
being replaced by research teams? Is it still possible for an individual to
come up with significant invention?
I.
Fill in the blanks:
1. The
Grand Canyon is carved away for nearly 6 million years by the waters of the ________River.
2. Within the Painted
Desert National Park, there is ________, a field of fallen trees that have turned to stone by a
process of materialization known as petrifaction.
3. The Hoover Dam was
named after President ________
4. Yosemite National
Park has a spectacular scenery of valleys carved out by
5. America's movies are
mostly made in________, near
the city of ________in South California.
6.
Stretching south of Miami is a chain of islands called the ________. The farthest island is ________, which is a favorite resort for US President Harry Truman,
and the site of home of novelist
7.
Visitors to Charleston should not overlook Fort Sumter National Park, as this
was the site of ________the
first battle in April 1861.
8. Nashville,
TN might be an interesting city to many visitors because of the ________ home to country folk music,
sometimes balled ~
9. ________